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      Identifikasi Gen Penyandi Toksin pada Isolat Lokal Bacillus cereus

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      Date
      2026
      Jenis/Type
      Skripsi
      Subtype
      Undergraduate Theses
      Author
      Ramadhani, Nashwa Evanti
      Dewanti, Ratih
      Rahmawati, Inas Suci
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      Abstract
      Keamanan pangan merupakan aspek penting dalam mencegah terjadinya penyakit bawaan pangan yang berpotensi berkembang menjadi Kejadian Luar Biasa keracunan pangan. Bahaya biologis khususnya bakteri patogen, merupakan penyebab etiologi penting dalam keracunan pangan. Salah satu contoh bakteri yang sering menyebabkan keracunan pangan adalah Bacillus cereus karena kemampuannya dalam membentuk endospora dan menghasilkan toksin berbahaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis dan memverifikasi keberadaan gen penyandi toksin emetik cesB, serta gen enterotoksin hblD, nheA, cytK-1, cytK-2 dan gen cry2 pada isolat lokal B. cereus. Data diperoleh melalui metode Polymerase Chain Reaction dan dianalisis secara deskriptif kuantitatif untuk mengetahui prevalensi tiap gen toksin. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan gen enterotoksin nheA dan hblD terdeteksi pada seluruh isolat (100%), dilanjutkan oleh cytK-2 (84,8%) yang memiliki prevalensi lebih tinggi daripada cytK-1 (18,2%). Sebaliknya, gen emetik cesB (21,2%) terdeteksi dengan prevalensi lebih rendah yang mengindikasikan bahwa potensi keracunan pangan cenderung didominasi oleh gangguan diare dibandingkan sindrom muntah. Distribusi gen pada berbagai jenis pangan menunjukkan bahwa gen enterotoksin tersebar luas, sementara gen emetik memiliki distribusi yang terbatas pada jenis pangan tertentu dengan prevalensi yang lebih rendah. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa potensi keracunan pangan oleh B. cereus tergolong cukup tinggi sehingga diperlukan pengendalian yang lebih efektif terhadap pertumbuhan B. cereus pada berbagai jenis pangan.
       
      Food safety is essential in preventing foodborne illness that can develop into foodborne disease outbreaks. Biological hazards, particularly pathogenic bacteria, are the main contributors to such foodborne disease outbreaks. One of the most common bacteria associated with foodborne illnesses is Bacillus cereus, due to its ability to form endospores and produce harmful toxins. This study aimed to analyze and verify the presence of toxin-encoding genes, including the emetic gene cesB and the enterotoxin genes hblD, nheA, cytK-1, and cytK-2, as well as the cry2 gene in local B. cereus isolates using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). The results showed that nheA and hblD were detected in all isolates (100%), followed by cytK- 2 (84.8%), which was more prevalent than cytK-1 (18.2%). In contrast, cesB (21.2%) was detected at a lower prevalence, indicating that foodborne illness is more likely dominated by diarrheal syndrome rather than emetic syndrome. Enterotoxin genes were widely distributed across food types, whereas the emetic gene was more limited to certain food types with lower prevalence. These findings indicate a relatively high risk of foodborne illness caused by B. cereus, highlighting the need for more effective control of bacterial growth in food products.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/174077
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      • UF - Food Science and Technology [3661]

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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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