Formulasi Biskuit Substitusi Tepung Ubi Kayu dan Ubi Jalar dengan Penambahan Isolat Protein Kedelai serta Mineral Fe dan Zn untuk Balita Gizi Kurang

Abstract

Moderate undernutrition is one of major nutritional problems in Indonesia, with a prevalence of 13%. Instead of lack of energy and protein intake, undernutrition children commonly are deficient in iron and zinc. One of the effort to overcome this problem is by giving them foods which contain high energy and protein as well as met with iron and zinc requirement. The objective of this research was to formulate biscuit which were made of cassava flour, sweet potato flour, and soy protein isolate with addition of Fe and Zn as side dish of moderate undernutrition children. Cassava and sweet potato flour is an indigenous food of Indonesia which high in energy content, so can be used to substitute wheat flour in making biscuits as source of energy. To increase protein content of biscuit, it was used soy protein isolate which contains about 90% protein. Gizikita is a multivitamin mineral supplement containing high iron and zinc in microcapsules form. Design of this research was experimental which factors that used were kind of flour (cassava, sweet potato, and composite flour) and level of flour substitution (20%, 40%, and 60%). Based on organoleptic test showed that the selected formula was A1B1 (20% cassava substitution). Biscuits A1B1 has 457 Kcal/100g of gross energy; 2.960,2 gram force of hardness; 8,31% water content (wb); 3,12% ash (db); 13,93% protein (db); 14,23% fat (db); 68,71% carbohydrate (db); 8,38 mg/100g Fe; 10,61 mg/100g Zn; 81,48% protein digestibility; 10,87% bioavailability of Fe ; and 29,45% bioavailability of Zn.