Sintesis Nanoselulosa dari Tongkol Jagung dengan Perlakuan Hidrolisis Kimia dan Homogenisasi

Abstract

Corn cobs has a high potency to be used as a source of raw materials for nanocellulose synthesis.The objective of this research is to synthesize nanocellulose from corn cobs with chemical hydrolysis and homogenization treatment. Alkali treatment,bleaching treatment, acid treatment and homogenization treatment on the corn cobs are effective in the depolymerization and defibrillation of the fibre to produce nanocellulose. This research consists of four main steps those are pre-elliminary research, chemical analysis, synthesize nanocellulose, and final product characterization.Parameters thatwillbe tested aretheconcentration ofNaOH(2%, 4%, and 8%), and the time ofhomogenization (2 hours, 3 hours, and 4 hours). The results show that the concentration of NaOH affect the level of cellulose and lignin final product.The bestconcentration ofNaOH needed to isolatecelluloseis 2%. Futhermore, the concentration of NaOH also affected the color and suspension of the final product. Final product with 8% NaOH treatment had the brightest color and the most stable suspension, while the homogenization time did not affect the colorand can not be seen the effect to the suspension formation of the final product . ScanningElectronMicrocope(SEM) results showed thatthechemical hydrolysis and mechanical treatmenthad successfully isolated thecelluloseandits sizehad reachedbelow 100nm, but stillin small amounts. Cellulose that was observed withSEM had an averagesize of80-270nmdiameter.