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      Pengaruh Environmental, Social, Governance (ESG) terhadap Kinerja dan Nilai Perusahaan di Indonesia

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      Date
      2026
      Author
      AMALIA, NABILLA SELVY
      Asnawi, Yudha Heryawan
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      Abstract
      Isu keberlanjutan telah mendorong integrasi kerangka Environmental, Social, Governance (ESG) dalam strategi bisnis, tetapi hasil penelitian terkait pengaruh tiap pilar ESG terhadap kinerja dan nilai perusahaan di Indonesia masih inkonsisten. Penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh pilar ESG terhadap Return on Assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), dan Tobin’s Q pada 27 perusahaan publik Indonesia tahun 2015–2023 dengan skor ESG dari data LSEG ESG Scores. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan regresi data panel dengan menambahkan spesifikasi kuadratik untuk menguji pengaruh serta kemungkinan bentuk hubungan nonlinier. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pilar lingkungan berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap ROA dan Tobin’s Q, tetapi tidak signifikan terhadap ROE, sedangkan pilar sosial dan tata kelola tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap ketiga indikator. Pada pengujian nonlinier, pilar lingkungan membentuk kurva U terhadap ROA, sedangkan pilar sosial membentuk kurva U-terbalik terhadap ROA. Temuan ini menunjukkan pengaruh ESG berbeda antar pilar dan tingkat penerapan, sehingga diperlukan strategi ESG yang lebih selektif dan terintegrasi dengan operasi bisnis inti melalui embedded sustainability.
       
      Sustainability concerns have driven the integration of the Environmental, Social, Governance (ESG) framework into business strategies. However, findings regarding the effect of each ESG pillar on firm performance and firm value in Indonesia remain inconsistent. This study analyzes the effect of ESG pillars on Return on Assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), and Tobin’s Q across 27 Indonesian public companies from 2015–2023, using the LSEG ESG Scores database. The analysis was conducted using panel data regression with quadratic specifications to test for possible nonlinear relationships. The results show that the environmental pillar has a significant negative effect on ROA and Tobin’s Q, but no significant effect on ROE, the social and governance pillars have no significant effect on all three indicators. The nonlinear analysis shows a U-shaped relationship between the environmental pillar and ROA, the social pillar exhibits an inverted U-shaped relationship with ROA. These findings indicate that ESG effects vary across pillars and levels of implementation, highlighting the need for a more selective ESG strategy integrated into core business operations through embedded sustainability.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/179619
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      Copyright © 2020 Library of IPB University
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      Contact Us | Send Feedback
      Indonesia DSpace Group 
      IPB University Scientific Repository
      UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Institutional Repository
      Universitas Jember Digital Repository