Hubungan Pengetahuan, Sikap, Praktik Hidup Sehat, dan Pengeluaran Pangan dengan Status Gizi Mahasiswa

Abstract

ANANDA PUTRI ZASKIA. Hubungan Pengetahuan, Sikap, Praktik Hidup Sehat, dan Pengeluaran Pangan dengan Status Gizi Mahasiswa. Dibimbing oleh EVY DAMAYANTHI dan CESILIA METI DWIRIANI.

Masa dewasa awal merupakan periode kritis terutama pada mahasiswa baru yang mengalami perubahan tempat tinggal dan pola makan sehingga berpotensi mengalami masalah gizi. Tujuan penelitian ini menganalisis hubungan pengetahuan, sikap, praktik hidup sehat, dan pengeluaran pangan dengan status gizi mahasiswa. Penelitian cross-sectional ini melibatkan 74 mahasiswa yang dipilih secara random sampling. Data pengetahuan, sikap, aktivitas fisik (IPAQ), dan durasi tidur dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner. Data asupan gizi untuk menilai kualitas diet diperoleh melalui food recall 3x24 jam. Status gizi ditentukan berdasarkan indeks massa tubuh. Analisis data menggunakan uji korelasi pearson dan spearman. Hampir separuh (47,3%) subjek memiliki pengetahuan yang baik, hampir seluruh (89,2%) subjek memiliki sikap yang positif, namun kualitas diet hampir seluruh (98%) masih memerlukan perbaikan. Lebih dari dua per tiga subjek memiliki aktivitas sedang (69%) dengan durasi tidur yang tidak optimal (70%). Sekitar seperlima (20,3%) subjek memiliki status gizi kurus dan sekitar sepersepuluh (10,9%) berstatus gizi lebih. Pengetahuan, sikap, praktik hidup sehat tidak berhubungan signifikan dengan status gizi. Uang saku berhubungan signifikan positif dengan status gizi (p=0,043), dan pengeluaran pangan berhubungan signifikan positif dengan asupan energi (p=0,003) dan lemak (p=0,006). Aktivitas fisik ditemukan signifikan lebih sering dan lebih lama pada laki–laki dibandingkan perempuan.

Kata kunci: aktivitas fisik, kualitas diet, pengeluaran pangan, status gizi, uang saku

ANANDA PUTRI ZASKIA. The Relationship Between Knowledge, Attitudes, Healthy Lifestyle Practices, and Food Expenditures and the Nutritional Status of College Students. Supervised by EVY DAMAYANTHI and CESILIA METI DWIRIANI.

Early adulthood is a critical period for first-year college students who experience changes in living arrangements and eating patterns, putting at risk for nutritional problems. The purpose to analyze the relationship between knowledge, attitudes, healthy lifestyle practices, and food expenditure and the nutritional status of college students. This cross-sectional study involved 74 college students with random sampling. Data on knowledge, attitudes, physical activity (IPAQ), and sleep duration collected via a questionnaire. Nutritional intake data to assess diet quality were obtained through a 3×24-hour food recall. Nutritional status was determined based on BMI. Data analysis used correlation tests. Nearly half (47.3%) of the subjects had good knowledge, nearly all (89.2%) had positive attitudes, but the dietary quality of nearly all (98%) still need improvement. More than two-thirds of the subjects engaged in moderate physical activity (69%) and had suboptimal sleep duration (70%). One-fifth (20.3%) of the subjects were underweight, and one-tenth (10.9%) were overweight. Knowledge, attitudes, and healthy lifestyle practices were not significantly associated with nutritional status. Pocket money positively significantly with nutritional status (p=0.043), and food expenditure was positively significantly with energy intake (p=0.003) and fat intake (p=0.006). Physical activity significantly more frequent and longer in duration males than females. Keywords: diet quality, food expenditure, nutritional status, physical activity, pocket money