Hubungan Asupan Zat Gizi Makro, Indeks Massa Tubuh, dan Persen Lemak Tubuh Terhadap Daya Tahan Jantung Paru Pada Siswa SSB

Abstract

Daya tahan jantung paru merupakan komponen penting dalam performa atlet sepak bola yang dipengaruhi oleh asupan zat gizi makro, indeks massa tubuh (IMT), dan persen lemak tubuh. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis hubungan asupan zat gizi makro, IMT, dan persen lemak tubuh dengan daya tahan jantung paru pada siswa Akademi Persib Bogor. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross-sectional pada 63 siswa berusia 12–17 tahun. Asupan zat gizi makro diperoleh melalui food recall 1×24 jam, IMT berdasarkan IMT/U, persen lemak tubuh diukur menggunakan BIA, dan daya tahan jantung paru diestimasi dengan Bleep Test. Analisis hubungan menggunakan uji chi-square. Sebagian besar responden memiliki asupan energi, protein, lemak, dan karbohidrat kategori defisit, IMT/U kategori gizi baik, persen lemak tubuh normal, serta VO2max kategori cukup. Terdapat hubungan signifikan antara asupan karbohidrat, usia, dan IMT dengan daya tahan jantung paru (p<0,05), sedangkan asupan energi, protein, lemak, dan persen lemak tubuh tidak berhubungan signifikan (p>0,05).

Cardiorespiratory endurance is an essential component of football performance and is influenced by various factors, including macronutrient intake, body mass index (BMI), and body fat percentage. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between macronutrient intake, BMI, and body fat percentage and cardiorespiratory endurance among students of Persib Bogor Football Academy. A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 63 students aged 12–17 years. Macronutrient intake was assessed using a 24-hour food recall. BMI-for-age was used to determine nutritional status, body fat percentage was measured using Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA), and cardiorespiratory endurance was estimated using the Multistage Fitness Test. The relationships between variables were analyzed using the chi-square test. Most respondents had deficient energy, protein, fat, and carbohydrate intakes, normal BMI-for-age, normal body fat percentage, and fair VO2max. The results showed significant associations between carbohydrate intake, age, and BMI and cardiorespiratory endurance (p<0.05). In contrast, no significant associations were found between energy, protein, fat intake, or body fat percentage and cardiorespiratory endurance (p>0.05)