Profil Kebersihan Mesin Filling Berdasarkan Expanded Environmental Monitoring Program di PT XYZ

Abstract

Kebersihan mesin filling merupakan faktor penting dalam pengendalian kontaminasi pada industri pangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi profil kebersihan mesin filling berdasarkan pengujian Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP), Aerobic Plate Count (APC), dan Enterobacteriaceae pada lima titik pengambilan sampel berdasarkan Expanded Environmental Monitoring Program, yaitu refolder, inner chamber, outer chamber, top folder, dan handle. ATP digunakan sebagai indikator residu organik, APC sebagai indikator kebersihan mikrobiologis umum, sedangkan Enterobacteriaceae sebagai indikator sanitasi dan higiene. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif dan dilanjutkan dengan analisis korelasi Spearman antara ATP dan APC. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya variasi tingkat kebersihan antar titik pengambilan sampel, dengan outer chamber memiliki nilai ATP, APC, dan Enterobacteriaceae yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan titik lainnya sehingga diidentifikasi sebagai titik dengan tingkat kebersihan relatif paling rendah. Kondisi tersebut diduga berkaitan dengan karakteristik desain higienis peralatan yang membatasi akses pembersihan, menyebabkan retensi kondensat, dan adanya exposed threads. Analisis korelasi menunjukkan hubungan positif yang kuat antara ATP dan APC (? = 0,604; p < 0,001). Secara keseluruhan, outer chamber teridentifikasi sebagai titik kritis dengan potensi risiko kontaminasi lebih tinggi dibandingkan titik lainnya.

Filling machine hygiene is an important factor in contamination control in the food industry. This study aimed to identify the hygiene profile of a filling machine based on Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP), Aerobic Plate Count (APC), and Enterobacteriaceae testing at five sampling points according to the Expanded Environmental Monitoring Program, namely refolder, inner chamber, outer chamber, top folder, and handle. ATP was used as an indicator of organic residues, APC as an indicator of general microbiological cleanliness, while Enterobacteriaceae was used as an indicator of sanitation and hygiene conditions. Data were analyzed descriptively and followed by Spearman correlation analysis between ATP and APC. The results showed variations in hygiene levels among sampling points, with the outer chamber exhibiting higher ATP, APC, and Enterobacteriaceae values compared to other points, indicating it as the point with the relatively lowest hygiene level. This condition was suspected to be associated with hygienic design characteristics of the equipment that limit cleaning accessibility, promote condensate retention, and involve exposed threads. Correlation analysis showed a strong positive relationship between ATP and APC (? = 0.604; p < 0.001). Overall, the outer chamber was identified as a critical point with a higher potential risk of contamination compared to other points.