Body Dissatisfaction, Gangguan Makan, dan Aktivitas Fisik, Hubungannya dengan Status Gizi Remaja Perempuan

Abstract

Remaja perempuan rentan mengalami body dissatisfaction, gangguan makan, dan perubahan aktivitas fisik yang dapat memengaruhi status gizi. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis hubungan body dissatisfaction, gangguan makan, aktivitas fisik, dan tingkat kecukupan zat gizi dengan status gizi remaja perempuan di Asrama Putri PPKU IPB University. Penelitian menggunakan desain cross sectional dengan 61 remaja perempuan usia 18–19 tahun yang dipilih secara purposive sampling. Data body dissatisfaction, gangguan makan, aktivitas fisik, dan status gizi diperoleh menggunakan BSQ-34, EAT-26, IPAQ-SF, serta pengukuran IMT. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif, uji Chi-Square/Fisher Exact, dan regresi logistik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan mayoritas subjek mengalami body dissatisfaction (52%), memiliki risiko rendah gangguan makan (80%), aktivitas fisik sedang (62%), dan status gizi normal (46%). Sebagian besar subjek juga mengalami defisit tingkat kecukupan energi, protein, lemak, dan karbohidrat. Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara body dissatisfaction dan aktivitas fisik dengan status gizi (p<0,05), serta antara gangguan makan dan tingkat kecukupan lemak (p<0,05). Gangguan makan dan tingkat kecukupan zat gizi tidak berhubungan signifikan dengan status gizi. Hasil regresi logistik menunjukkan tidak terdapat variabel yang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap status gizi.

Female adolescents are vulnerable to body dissatisfaction, eating disorders, and changes in physical activity that may affect nutritional status. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between body dissatisfaction, eating disorders, physical activity, nutrient adequacy levels, and nutritional status among female adolescents living in the PPKU IPB University dormitory. A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 61 female adolescents aged 18–19 years selected through purposive sampling. Data on body dissatisfaction, eating disorders, physical activity, and nutritional status were collected using the BSQ-34, EAT-26, IPAQ SF, and Body Mass Index (BMI) measurements. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi-Square/Fisher’s Exact tests, and logistic regression. The results showed that most participants experienced body dissatisfaction (52%), had a low risk of eating disorders (80%), engaged in moderate physical activity (62%), and had normal nutritional status (46%). Most participants also had deficits in energy, protein, fat, and carbohydrate adequacy. Significant associations were found between body dissatisfaction and nutritional status, physical activity and nutritional status (p<0.05), as well as between eating disorders and fat adequacy level (p<0.05). However, eating disorders and nutrient adequacy levels were not significantly associated with nutritional status. Logistic regression analysis indicated that none of the study variables significantly influenced nutritional status.