Analysis of QRIS and iDEAL Adoption: Comparative Study between Indonesia and the Netherlands

Abstract

Digital transformation has paved the way for cashless payments, but sustained adoption remained a challenge. This study evaluated the adoption of digital payments between QRIS in Indonesia and iDEAL in the Netherlands using extended TAM approach to examined whether the variables operated similarly between both countries from September 2025 to June 2026. Data from 66 active users in each country were analyzed using SEM-PLS and PLS-MGA. Majority respondents in both countries were university students and each country showed different frequency usage behavior. SEM-PLS results in both countries revealed perceived ease of use influenced behavioral intention. Trust only significantly influenced behavioral intention in Indonesia. Behavioral intention was the main factor driving actual use and the indirect effect showed perceived ease of use influenced actual use through behavioral intention in both countries, while no significant differences were found between countries using PLS-MGA. These findings suggested that improving ease of use and strengthening user trust can support broader digital payment adoption.