Analisis Kontestasi Kekuasaan antara Negara, Bisnis, dan Masyarakat pada Perspektif Politik: Kajian Literatur Terintegrasi

Abstract

Power struggle antara negara, bisnis, dan masyarakat merupakan fenomena sentral dalam kajian ilmu politik yang menentukan kualitas tata kelola dan kesejahteraan sosial. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis tren power struggle dalam perspektif politik, mengidentifikasi polanya dalam interaksi ketiga institusi, serta menganalisis dampaknya terhadap tata kelola. Menggunakan metode Integrative Literature Review melalui basis data Scopus tahun 2015–2025, didukung VOSviewer, seleksi PRISMA, dan sintesis meta-agregasi, penelitian ini memperoleh 28 artikel dari 834 publikasi awal. Hasil analisis menghasilkan 10 klaster tematik, lima pola mekanisme power struggle yaitu dominasi struktural kapital, hegemoni wacana, kompetisi kepentingan, fragmentasi birokrasi negara, dan rekonfigurasi otoritas infrastruktural, serta enam pola relasi institusional. Penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa power struggle berdampak multidimensional terhadap tata kelola demokratis, mencakup distorsi kebijakan, delegitimasi demokrasi, pengambilalihan regulasi, pelemahan ketenagakerjaan, polarisasi politik, dan reproduksi ketimpangan struktural.

The power struggle among the state, business, and society is a central phenomenon in political studies determining governance quality and social welfare. This study analyzes power struggle research trends from a political perspective, identifies interaction patterns among the three institutions, and assesses governance impacts. Using an Integrative Literature Review based on Scopus literature from 2015–2025, supported by VOSviewer, PRISMA selection, and meta-aggregation synthesis, this study obtained 28 articles from 834 publications. Analysis produced 10 thematic clusters, five power struggle mechanism patterns namely structural capital domination, discourse hegemony, interest competition, state bureaucratic fragmentation, and infrastructural authority reconfiguration, alongside six institutional relation patterns. This study concludes that power struggle has multidimensional impacts on democratic governance, including policy distortion, democratic delegitimize, regulatory capture, weakened labor protections, political polarization, and reproduction of structural inequality.