Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Pemilihan dan Kebiasaan Makan Pada Mahasiswa Tingkat I IPB

Abstract

Perilaku pemilihan dan kebiasaan makan remaja dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor, termasuk karakteristik subjek, keluarga, pengetahuan gizi, paparan media sosial, serta uang jajan. Perubahan gaya hidup dan tingginya paparan konten makanan di media sosial turut berpotensi memengaruhi pola konsumsi remaja. Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis hubungan dan pengaruh faktor-faktor tersebut terhadap pemilihan dan kebiasaan makan. Metode yang digunakan berupa desain cross-sectional dengan 96 mahasiswa/i asrama sebagai sampel, menggunakan kuesioner karakteristik, pengetahuan gizi, FCQ, AFHC, dan SQ-FFQ, serta analisis korelasi dan regresi logistik biner. Hasil menunjukkan mayoritas responden perempuan berusia 18 tahun dengan pengetahuan gizi kategori sedang, perilaku menonton konten makanan cukup tinggi terutama di TikTok, kebiasaan makan tergolong sehat namun kecukupan energi dan zat gizi masih banyak yang defisit. Analisis regresi mengungkap bahwa jenis kelamin berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pemilihan makanan, sedangkan kebiasaan makan dipengaruhi oleh pengetahuan gizi, durasi menonton konten dan pendidikan ibu. Kesimpulannya, pemilihan makanan remaja dipengaruhi faktor gender, sementara kebiasaan makan lebih ditentukan oleh pengetahuan gizi, durasi dan faktor keluarga.

Adolescents’ food choices and eating habits are influenced by various factors, including individual and family characteristics, nutritional knowledge, exposure to social media, and allowance. Changes in lifestyle and high exposure to food-related content on social media also have the potential to influence adolescents’ consumption patterns. The objective of this study was to analyze the relationship and influence of these factors on food choices and eating habits. The method used was a cross-sectional design with 96 dormitory students as the sample, employing questionnaires on demographic characteristics, nutritional knowledge, the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FCQ), the Adolescent Food Habits Questionnaire (AFHC), and the Shortened Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ), along with correlation analysis and binary logistic regression. The results showed that the majority of female respondents aged 18 had moderate nutritional knowledge, exhibited relatively high food content viewing behavior particularly on TikTok and had eating habits classified as healthy; however, many still had deficits in energy and nutrient intake. Regression analysis revealed that gender significantly influenced food selection, while eating habits were influenced by nutritional knowledge, duration and mother’s education . In conclusion, adolescents’ food choices are influenced by gender, while eating habits are more determined by nutritional knowledge, duration and family factors.