Perbedaan Karakteristik Pasien Malnutrisi dan Pasien Non-Malnutrisi pada Awal Masuk Rawat Inap Anak di RSUD Pandega Pangandaran

Abstract

Masalah gizi pada balita di negara berkembang berkaitan dengan kekurangan asupan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbedaan dan hubungan karakteristik seperti pola konsumsi pangan, perilaku gizi ibu, penerapan PHBS dan lama rawat inap pada pasien malnutrisi dan non-malnutrisi pada awal rawat inap di RSUD Pandega Pangandaran. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah kohort prospektif dengan populasi pasien anak rawat inap BPJS berjumlah 40 orang. Sampel diambil menggunakan metode consecutive sampling. Sebagian besar subjek berjenis kelamin perempuan, berusia 12-36 bulan dengan berat badan dan panjang badan lahir dalam nilai normal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan tingkat kecukupan energi, frekuensi konsumsi sayur dan buah, status imunisasi, lama rawat inap antara kelompok malnutrisi dan non-malnutrisi (p<0,05), serta hubungan signifikan tingkat kecukupan energi, tingkat kecukupan protein, ASI eksklusif dan lama rawat inap terhadap status gizi (p<0,05)

Nutritional problems in toddlers in developing countries are often related to insufficient intake. This research aims to analyze the differences and relationships between characteristics such as dietary patterns, maternal nutritional behavior, the implementation of Clean and Healthy Living Behavior (PHBS), and length of stay in malnourished and well-nourished pediatric inpatients at RSUD Pandega Pangandaran. The study used a prospective cohort design with a population of 40 BPJS pediatric inpatients. The sample was selected using consecutive sampling. The majority of subjects were female, aged 12–36 months, with normal birth weight and length. The results showed significant differences in energy adequacy levels, vegetable and fruit consumption frequency, immunization status, and length of hospital stay between the malnourished and non-malnourished groups (p<0.05). Additionally, there were significant relationships between energy adequacy levels, protein adequacy levels, exclusive breastfeeding, and the length of hospital stay with nutritional status (p<0.05