Faktor-faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Pola Konsumsi Pangan dan Status Gizi Ibu dari Anak Sekolah Dasar di Kota Bogor

Abstract

Ibu berperan sebagai pemberi contoh dalam praktik gizi dan pengambil keputusan utama mengenai makanan dan pola konsumsi pangan dalam keluarga. Kurangnya pengetahuan, sikap, dan praktik gizi ibu dapat menyebabkan kesalahan pemilihan makanan dan tidak tercukupinya gizi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan pola konsumsi pangan dan status gizi ibu dari anak sekolah dasar di Kota Bogor. Desain penelitian ini adalah cross-sectional yang dilaksanakan pada Januari-Februari 2023 dengan 58 subjek di delapan sekolah dasar di Kota Bogor. Data diperoleh dengan pengisian kuesioner serta wawancara food recall 2x24 jam dan Food Frequency Questioner (FFQ). Tidak terdapat hubungan signifikan (p>0,05) antara pengetahuan, sikap, dan praktik gizi ibu dengan status gizi ibu dan anak serta antara kebiasaan konsumsi pangan dengan status gizi ibu. Namun, terdapat hubungan antara tingkat kecukupan energi (r=-0,467; p=0,000), protein (r=-0,548; p=0,000), lemak (r=-0,418; p=0,001), dan karbohidrat (r=-0,441; p=0,001) dengan status gizi ibu.

Mother plays as a role models in nutritional practices and as the main decision makers regarding food and food consumption patterns in the family. Lack of maternal nutritional knowledge, attitudes and practices can cause errors in food choices and inadequate nutrition. The purpose of this research was to analyze factors related to food consumption patterns and the nutritional status of mothers of elementary school children in Bogor City. The design study of this research was cross-sectional, carried out in January-February 2023 with 58 subjects in eight elementary schools in Bogor City. Data were obtained through questionnaire completion and interviews using a 2x24 hour food recall and Food Frequency Questioner (FFQ). There was no significant relationship (p>0.05) between nutritional knowledge, attitudes and practices of mothers with the nutritional status of mothers and children, as well as between food consumption patterns with nutritional status of mothers. However, there was a relationship between the level of energy adequacy (r=-0.467; p=0.000), protein (r=-0.548; p=0.000), fat (r=-0.418; p=0.001), and carbohydrates (r=-0.441; p=0.001) adequacy with nutritional status of mothers.