Pengetahuan Gizi, Komposisi Tubuh, Volume Latihan dan Hubungannya dengan Performa Lari Jarak Jauh

Abstract

Lari merupakan olahraga paling digemari di Indonesia, tetapi masih banyak yang belum sadar faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi performa lari. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis hubungan antara pengetahuan gizi, komposisi tubuh, dan volume latihan dengan performa lari jarak jauh. Penelitian cross sectional ini dilakukan di IPB Run II Half-Marathon 2023 dengan jumlah 115 subjek. Penarikan subjek secara accidental sampling dengan kriteria peserta event lari (5km, 10km, 21km), bersedia menjadi subjek, mengikuti seluruh rangkaian, dan mengisi kuesioner penelitian. Hasil hubungan pengetahuan gizi dengan performa lari pada cabang lari 5km (p=0,241, r=0,146) dan 10km (p=0,517, r=-0,130) hasilnya tidak signifikan. Namun, cabang 21km hasilnya signifikan dan berkorelasi positif (p=004,r=0,592). Hasil hubungan persentase lemak dengan performa lari pada cabang 5km (p=0,000, r=-524), 10km (p=0,001, r=-0,600), dan 21km (p=0,022, r=-0,486) hasilnya signifikan dan berkorelasi negatif. Hasil hubungan persentase otot dengan performa lari pada cabang 5km (p=0,000, r=0,437) dan 21km (p=0,026, r=0,472) signifikan berkorelasi positif, sedangkan pada cabang 10km tidak signifikan (p=0,143, r=0,289). Frekuensi latihan per minggu cabang lari 5km (p=0,000, r=0,528) dan 10km (p=0,007, r=0,504) hasilnya signifikan, tetapi tidak signifikan pada 21km (p=0,136, r=0,328). Jarak latihan per minggu hasilnya signifikan untuk cabang lari 5km (p=0,000, r=0,525) dan 10km (p=0,028, r=0,423), tetapi tidak signifikan pada 21km (p=0,206, r=0,280).

Running is the most favored sport in Indonesia. However, many runners didn’t know factors that influence running performance. This research aims to analyze relationship between nutrition knowledge, body composition, and training volume with long-distance running performance. A cross-sectional study was conducted in IPB Run II Half-Marathon 2023, involving 115 subjects selected through accidental sampling. Participants criteria was participating in running events, willingness to be subjects, following entire research series, and fill out research questionnaire. Analysis result show non-significant correlation between nutrition knowledge with running performance in 5km (p=0.241, r=0.146) and 10km category (p=0.517, r=-0.130). However, in 21km category had significant positive correlation (p=0.004, r=0.592). The relationship between body-fat percentage and running performance was significant and negatively correlated in 5km (p=0.000, r=-0.524), 10km (p=0.001, r=-0.600), and 21km (p=0.022, r=-0.486) categories. The correlation between muscle percentage and running performance was significant and positively correlated in 5km (p=0.000, r=0.437) and 21km (p=0.026, r=0.472) categories, while in 10km was not-significant (p=0.143, r=0.289). Training frequency per-week analysis in 5km (p=0.000, r=0.528) and 10km (p=0.007, r=0.504) categories was significant, but insignificant in 21km (p=0.136, r=0.328). Weekly training distance was significant in 5km (p=0.000, r=0.525) and 10km (p=0.028, r=0.423) categories, but insignificant in 21km category (p=0.206, r=0.280).