Pengaruh Pemberian Mikrokapsul Sumsum Tulang Sapi Bali selama Kebuntingan dan Laktasi terhadap Glukosa Darah Induk Tikus Kurang Protein

Abstract

Stunting merupakan salah satu masalah gizi yang berkaitan erat dengan berat badan lahir rendah (BBLR) pada bayi akibat asupan protein yang tidak tercukupi pada ibu. Stunting dapat dicegah dengan mengonsumsi mikrokapsul sumsum tulang sapi bali yang mengandung zat gizi esensial bagi ibu hamil yaitu protein dan omega-3. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh pemberian mikrokapsul selama kebuntingan dan laktasi terhadap berat badan (BB) dan glukosa darah sewaktu (GDS) induk tikus kurang protein. Penelitian menggunakan tikus Sprague dawley dengan desain rancangan acak lengkap (RAL). Tikus dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok (n=6), yaitu P0 (kontrol), P1 (rendah protein), P2 (rendah protein + mikrokapsul), dan P3 (rendah protein + omega-3). Analisis data menggunakan one way ANOVA dengan uji lanjut Duncan dan Paired T test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan BB induk kelompok P1, P2, dan P3 berbeda nyata setelah intervensi (p=0,001). Kelompok P0 memiliki BB sesudah intervensi tertinggi. Sementara itu, perbedaan nyata pada GDS terjadi pada kelompok P1 (p=0,019) dan P3 (p=0,027) sedangkan P0 dan P2 tidak berbeda nyata (P=0,080 dan p=0,591). Setelah intervensi, GDS terendah terdapat pada kelompok P0 sedangkan GDS tertinggi terdapat pada kelompok P1. Pemberian mikrokapsul mampu menekan kenaikan glukosa darah induk tikus rendah protein meskipun belum bisa mengembalikan ke dalam rentang normal.

Stunting is one of nutritional issue that is closely associated with low birth weight (LBW) babies due to maternal chronic protein deficiency. Stunting can be prevented by the consumption of Balinese cow bone marrow microcapsules which contain essential nutrients for pregnant women including protein and omega-3. This study aimed to the effect of microcapsules consumed during pregnancy and lactation on body weight (BW) and random blood glucose (RBG) of protein deficient rat dams. The study used Sprague dawley rats with a completely randomized design (CRD). The rats were divided into 4 groups (n=6): P0 (control), P1 (low-protein), P2 (low-protein + microcapsules), and P3 (low-protein + omega-3). The data were examined with one way ANOVA, Duncan's multiple range test, and Paired T test. Maternal BW of P1, P2, and P3 groups differed significantly from P0 (p=0.001). Group P0 had the highest BW after the intervention. Moreover, RBG levels differed significantly between P1 (p=0.019) and P3 (p=0.027) but not significant between P0 and P2 (p=0.080 and p=0.591). The RBG of P0 were the lowest, while P1 had the highest RBG. Consumption of microcapsules had potential to supress the rise of RBG in protein deficient rat dams, but incapable of restoring normal RBG.