Analisis Kestabilan Senyawa Fenolik Pada Produk Minuman Kopi Siap Minum (Ready-To-Drink) Selama Penyimpanan Suhu Ruang
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Date
2023-07Author
Davin, Christophorus
Herawati, Dian
Yuliana, Nancy Dewi
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Show full item recordAbstract
Minuman kopi ready-to-drink (RTD) atau siap minum merupakan salah satu
inovasi konsumsi kopi yang saat ini telah beredar luas di pasaran dan cukup
digemari oleh berbagai kalangan masyarakat. Minuman ini memiliki beberapa jenis
wadah simpan seperti gelas, botol, dan sachet. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk
mengetahui pengaruh waktu penyimpanan terhadap kestabilan senyawa fenolik
dalam minuman kopi ready-to-drink. Minuman kopi dibuat dari ekstrak kopi
Robusta yang ditambah dengan ingredien lain (gula dan pengawet potassium
sorbat ), dipasteurisasi, diisikan panas (hot filling) ke dalam kemasan gelas plastik,
dan disimpan pada suhu ruang (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, dan 10 minggu). Kandungan total fenol
dan total tanin dalam kopi RTD dianalisis menggunakan metode Spektrofotometri
UV-visible dengan pereaksi Folin-Ciocalteu yang sebelumnya telah divalidasi.
Validasi terhadap metode spektrofotometri Folin-Ciocalteu menggunakan empat
parameter uji berupa linearitas, presisi, akurasi, dan sensitivitas (LOD-LOQ)
memberikan hasil yang baik ditandai dengan kesesuaian antara hasil uji dengan
literatur standar yang ditetapkan. Kandungan asam klorogenat kopi (5-CQA, 4-
CQA, dan pengamatan terhadap sifat kestabilan 3-CQA) dianalisis dengan
menggunakan metode Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography (UHPLC).
Analisis menunjukkan bahwa ketiga senyawa yang diamati yaitu fenol, tanin dan
asam klorogenat mengalami degradasi komponen secara signifikan seiring
pertambahan waktu simpan. Penurunan senyawa CQA secara signifikan hanya
terjadi pada senyawa 5-CQA. Persentase penurunan total fenol dan total tanin sejak
awal pengamatan (minggu ke-0) hingga akhir pengamatan (minggu ke-8) secara
berturut sebesar 19,3% dan 11,06%. Sedangkan untuk senyawa 5-CQA mengalami
penurunan sebesar 5,4%. Ready-to-drink (RTD) coffee is one of the innovations in coffee consumption
that is currently widely circulated in the market and is quite popular by various
groups of people. This drink has several types of storage containers such as cups,
bottles, and sachets. This study aims to determine the effect of storage time on the
stability of phenolic compounds in ready-to-drink coffee. Coffee drinks were made
from Robusta coffee extract added with other ingredients (sugar and potassium
sorbate preservative), pasteurized, hot filled into plastic cups, and stored at room
temperature (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 weeks). The content of total phenols and total
tannins in RTD coffee was analyzed using the UV-visible spectrophotometric
method with Folin-Ciocalteu reagent which had previously been validated.
Validation of the Folin-Ciocalteu spectrophotometric method using four test
parameters such as linearity, precision, accuracy, and sensitivity (LOD-LOQ) gave
good results characterized by the conformity between the test results and the
standard literature set. The content of coffee chlorogenic acid (5-CQA, 4-CQA, and
observations on the stability properties of 3-CQA) was analyzed using the Ultra-
High Performance Liquid Chromatography (UHPLC) method. The analysis
showed that the three compounds observed, namely phenol, tannin and chlorogenic
acid, experienced significant degradation of the components as the storage time
increased. A significant decrease in CQA compounds only occurred in the 5-CQA
compound. The percentage decrease of total phenols and total tannins from the
beginning of observation (week 0) to the end of observation (week 8) was 19,3%
and 11,06%, respectively. Meanwhile, the 5-CQA compound decreased by 5,4%.
