Hubungan Konsumsi Pangan, Asupan Zat Besi, dan Aktivitas Fisik dengan Status Gizi Remaja Putri di Pondok Pesantren Tarbiyatun Nisa Kabupaten Bogor

Abstract

Remaja memiliki tingkat konsumsi makanan padat energi, dan persentase makan buah dan sayuran yang rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara konsumsi pangan, asupan zat besi, dan aktivitas fisik dengan status gizi remaja putri di Pondok Pesantren Tarbiyyatun Nisa Kabupaten Bogor. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Februari 2023 pada 87 subjek dengan desain studi cross sectional. Pengambilan data meliputi pengukuran tinggi badan, berat badan, wawancara, serta pengisian kuesioner yang meliputi biodata, karakteristik sosioekonomi keluarga, recall konsumsi pangan 2x24 jam, dan recall aktivitas fisik 2x24 jam. Sebagian besar subjek memiliki status gizi normal (73,6%). Rata-rata level aktivitas fisik subjek pada weekday sebesar 1,4 (ringan), sedangkan pada weekend sebesar 1,5 (ringan). Rata-rata tingkat kecukupan zat gizi subjek yaitu energi sebesar 84%, protein sebesar 83%, lemak sebesar 56%, karbohidrat sebesar 86%, zat besi sebesar 96%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas fisik dan status gizi remaja putri di Pondok Pesantren Tarbiyatun Nisa memiliki hubungan yang signifikan (p = 0,022; r = -0,671). Sementara itu, tidak terdapat hubungan signifikan antara tingkat kecukupan zat besi dengan status gizi, demikian pula tingkat kecukupan zat gizi lainnya dengan status gizi dan dengan aktivitas fisik (p > 0,050).

Adolescents have a high consumption of energy-dense foods, and a low proportion of fruits and vegetables. This study aims to analyze the relationship between food consumption, iron intake, and physical activity with the nutritional status of young women at the Tarbiyyatun Nisa Islamic Boarding School, Bogor Regency. This research was conducted in February 2023 on 87 subjects with a cross sectional study design. Data collection included measuring height, weight, interviews, and filling out questionnaires which included biodata, family socioeconomic characteristics, 2x24 hour food consumption recall, and 2x24 hour physical activity recall. Most of the subjects had normal nutritional status (73.6%). The average level of physical activity on weekdays is 1.4 (mild), while on weekends it is 1.5 (mild). The average level of nutritional adequacy of the subjects, namely energy by 84%, protein by 83%, fat by 56%, carbohydrate by 86%, iron by 96%. The results showed that physical activity and nutritional status of young women at the Tarbiyatun Nisa Islamic Boarding School had a significant relationship (p = 0.022; r = -0.671). Meanwhile, there was no significant relationship between the level of iron adequacy and nutritional status, as well as the level of adequacy of other nutrients with nutritional status and physical activity (p> 0.050).