Riwayat Pemberian ASI Eksklusif, Status Gizi, dan Status Anemia Balita di Kecamatan Gegesik Kabupaten Cirebon

Abstract

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis hubungan riwayat mendapat ASI eksklusif terhadap status gizi dan status anemia balita di kecamatan Gegesik kabupaten Cirebon. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah cross sectional. Penelitian dilakukan di tiga desa yaitu Desa Sibubut, Desa Kedungdalem, dan Desa Bayalangu Kidul, Kecamatan Gegesik Kabupaten Cirebon Provinsi Jawa Barat. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder dengan jumlah subjek 119 balita. 52,1% balita berjenis kelamin perempuan dan berusia 12-23 bulan. Sebagian besar balita lahir dengan berat dan panjang yang normal. Masih terdapat 28,6% balita yang tidak mengonsumsi kolostrum dan hanya sedikit balita yang mengonsumsi ASI secara eksklusif, karena mengonsumsi makanan prelakteal, dan mengomsumsi MPASI terlalu dini. Sebagian besar balita memiliki status gizi normal berdasarkan indikator BB/U, TB/U, BB/TB, akan tetapi masih terdapat balita dengan berat badan kurang (34,5%) dan berat badan sangat kurang (8,4%), balita stunting (39,5%), serta balita dengan gizi kurang (16%) dan gizi buruk (4,2%). Terdapat 89,1% balita berstatus anemia dan paling banyak memiliki anemia kategori sedang. Hasil uji hubungan Spearman menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara pemberian ASI eksklusif dengan status gizi dan status anemia balita (p value>0,05).

This research aims to analyze the correlation between the history of exclusive breastfeeding with toddlers’ nutritional status and anaemia status in Gegesik, Cirebon Regency. This research design used a cross-sectional which was conducted in three villages namely Sibubut village, Kedungdalem village, and Bayalangu Kidul village, in Gegesik District, Cirebon Regency, West Java Province. The data was obtained through secondary data by including 119 toddlers which 52.1 % were female and aged 12-23 months. Most toddlers are born with a normal weight and length. Then 28.6 % of toddlers are not consuming colostrum. Therefore, only a few toddlers receive exclusively breastfeeding because they have to consume prelakteal food and complementary feeding over-early. Based on indicators of W/A, H/A, and W/H, which reveal most toddlers have a normal nutritional status, on the other hand, there are toddlers with underweight (34.5%), severely weight (8.4%), stunting (39.5%), likewise toddlers with wasting (16%), and severely wasting (4.2%). There are 89.1% of toddlers were classified as anaemia and most were in a mild category. The finding of the Spearman Correlation Test reveals that was no significant correlation between exclusive breastfeeding with nutritional status and anaemia status of toddlers (p value> 0.05).