Hubungan Perilaku Makan dan Body Image dengan Status Gizi Siswa SMA di Kota Bogor

Abstract

Dewasa ini remaja mulai memerhatikan perubahan fisik yang terjadi pada mereka dan tak jarang merasa tidak puas dengan bentuk tubuh yang dimiliki. Hal tersebut dapat mendorong remaja untuk melakukan upaya-upaya tertentu untuk membuat bentuk tubuh sesuai keinginannya, seperti membatasi asupan makan dan melakukan diet berlebih yang dapat memengaruhi perilaku makan, persepsi diri terhadap citra tubuh, dan status gizi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara perilaku makan dan body image dengan status gizi siswa SMA di Kota Bogor. Desain penelitian ini adalah cross-sectional study. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 114 siswa SMA di Kota Bogor. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara dan self-administered secara online. Sebagian besar subjek memiliki status gizi normal (81,6%), tergolong dalam tipe perilaku makan external eating (75,4%), memiliki persepsi body image negatif (51,8%), dan memiliki kebiasaan makan yang kurang baik (53,5%). Terdapat hubungan signifikan antara status gizi siswa SMA dengan perilaku makan restrained eating (p=0,018) dan body image (p=0,000). Tidak terdapat hubungan signifikan antara perilaku makan emotional eating dan external eating terhadap status gizi (p>0,05). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa perilaku makan dan persepsi body image memengaruhi status gizi siswa.

These days, adolescence begine to pay attention to the physical changes that occur to them and often feel dissatisfied with their body shape. This can encourage adolescents to make certain efforts to make the body shape according to their wishes, such as limiting food intake and doing excessive diets that can affect eating behavior, body image, and nutritional status. The purpose of this study was to analyze the correlation between eating behavior and body image with nutritional status among high school students in Bogor. The design of this study was a cross-sectional study. The number of samples used in this study were 114 high school students. Data was collected through interviews and self-administrated online. Most of the subjects had normal nutritional status (81.6%), belonged to the external eating behavior (75.4%), have a negative body image perception (51.8%), had unhealthy eating habits (53.5%). There is a significant relationship between nutritional status in high school students with restrained eating (p=0.018) and body image (p=0.000). However, there is no significant relationship between emotional eating and external eating behavior on nutritional status (p>0.05). It can be concluded that eating behavior and perception of body image affect the nutritional status of students.