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      Optimasi Formula dan Proses Ekstrusi Ubi Jalar Ungu dengan Response Surface Methodology

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      Date
      2021
      Author
      Muliawan, James Michael
      Nurtama, Budi
      Budi, Faleh Setia
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      Abstract
      Ubi jalar ungu (Ipomoea batatas var. Ayamurasaki) sebagai salah satu komoditas pertanian yang unggul karena warnanya yang menarik, mudah didapat, dan manfaat kesehatannya. Industri keripik ubi jalar hanya menggunakan ubi jalar dengan ukuran tertentu. Petani pun terkena imbas karena penyerapan hasil panen oleh industri tidak maksimal. Pengolahan ubi jalar ungu menjadi produk olahan menggunakan ekstruder pada skala industri masih belum dapat ditemui. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan formula dan parameter proses ekstrusi ubi jalar ungu yang optimum untuk menghasilkan produk dengan karakteristik mutu yang baik. Ubi jalar ungu yang diolah dengan teknik ekstrusi menggunakan ekstruder ulir ganda pemasak (BEX-DS-2256). Optimasi formula dan proses dilakukan menggunakan Response Surface Methodology (RSM) dengan rancangan Combine D-Optimal pada program Design Expert 12.0. Percobaan dilakukan dengan 22 perlakuan yang merupakan kombinasi faktor-faktor konsentrasi ubi jalar ungu (60–70%), tepung tapioka (20–25%), tepung ubi jalar ungu (10–15%), dan suhu ekstrusi (60–70 oC). Perlakuan yang optimum adalah dengan konsentrasi ubi jalar ungu 62.66%, tepung tapioka 22.34%, tepung ubi jalar ungu 15%, dan suhu ekstrusi 62.53 oC. Kombinasi formula dan proses tersebut menghasilkan adonan ubi jalar ungu dengan kadar air 49.34% (bb), kelengketan 711.67 gf, dan derajat gelatinisasi 52.06% dengan nilai desirability 0.76.
       
      Purple sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas var. Ayamurasaki) is one of the leading agricultural commodities due to its attractive color, availability, and health benefits. The sweet potato chip industry only uses sweet potatoes of a certain size. Farmers are also affected because the absorption of crops by the industry is not optimal. The development process of turning purple sweet potatoes into processed products using industrial scale extruders is still can’t be found. This study aimed to determine the optimum formula and extrusion process of the purple sweet potato to produce a product with good quality characteristics. Purple sweet potato was processed by extrusion technique using a double screw extruder (BEX-DS-2256). The optimization of formulas and processes was carried out using the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with the Combine D-Optimal design in the Design Expert 12.0 program. The experiment conducted 22 treatments that were a combination of purple sweet potato concentration (60–70%), tapioca flour (20–25%), purple sweet potato flour (10–15%), and extrusion temperature (60–70 oC). The optimum treatment was with a concentration of 62.66% purple sweet potato, 22.34% tapioca flour, 15% purple sweet potato flour, and an extrusion temperature of 62.53 oC. The combination of these formulas and processes resulted in purple sweet potato dough with a moisture content of 49.34% (bb), stickiness of 711.67 gf, and degree of gelatinization of 52.06% with a desirability value of 0.76.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/110587
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      • UT - Food Science and Technology [3623]

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      Copyright © 2020 Library of IPB University
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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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