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      Pola Kerusakan Asam Klorogenat pada Proses Penyangraian Kopi Arabika

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      Date
      2021
      Author
      Hidayatullah, Arifqi Nur
      Herawati, Dian
      Tarigan, Elsera Br
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      Abstract
      Arabica coffee (Coffea arabica L.) contains phenolic compounds that have an important role in the formation of flavor and beneficial for health. One of the main phenolic compounds is chlorogenic acid. Chlorogenic acid has a subgroup with the largest content in coffee, namely caffeoylquinic acid (CQA) but this subgroup is very sensitive to heat damage. This study objective is to understand the effect of the roasting on chlorogenic acid concentration in coffee beans. Measurement of physicochemical characteristics (moisture content, density, yield, and color) was carried out to see the effect of roasting process on characteristic of coffee beans. Meanwhile, the analysis and quantification of chlorogenic acid was carried out using the HPLC method. The results obtained showed that there was a degradation of chlorogenic acid content in the arabica coffee after the roasting process. Higher roasting rate will cause greater damage of chlorogenic acid content. Each isomer such as 3-CQA, 4-CQA, or 5-CQA has a certain pattern of damage due to the roasting process. 5-CQA has pattern that is directly proportional to the roasting level. However, the others, 3-CQA and 4-CQA have different patterns due to an increase on concentration level in certain sampels after the roasting process.
       
      Kopi arabika (Coffea arabica L.) memiliki kandungan senyawa fenolik yang berperan penting dalam pembentukan sensori dan bermanfaat bagi kesehatan. Salah satu senyawa fenolik utama yang berperan adalah asam klorogenat. Asam klorogenat memiliki subgrup dengan kandungan terbesar dalam biji kopi yaitu asam caffeoylquinic (CQA), namun subgrup tersebut sangat sensitif terhadap kerusakan akibat panas. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari pengaruh proses penyangraian terhadap konsentrasi asam klorogenat pada biji kopi. Pengukuran karakteristik fisikokimia (kadar air, densitas kamba, rendemen, dan warna) dilakukan untuk melihat pengaruh proses penyangraian terhadap karakteristik biji kopi. Sementara itu, analisis dan kuantifikasi asam klorogenat dilakukan dengan metode HPLC. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh menunjukkan adanya degradasi kandungan asam klorogenat pada kopi arabika setelah proses penyangraian. Semakin tinggi tingkat penyangraian akan menyebabkan tingginya kerusakan kandungan asam klorogenat. Masing-masing isomer asam klorogenat seperti 3-CQA, 4-CQA, dan 5-CQA memiliki pola kerusakan tertentu akibat proses penyangraian. 5-CQA memiliki pola kerusakan yang berbanding lurus dengan tingkat penyangraian. Namun, isomer lainnya yaitu 3-CQA dan 4-CQA memiliki pola kerusakan berbeda yang disebabkan oleh adanya kenaikan konsentrasi pada sampel tertentu setelah proses penyangraian.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/109746
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      • UT - Food Science and Technology [3623]

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