Karakteristik Sifat Kimia Minyak Goreng Jelantah dari Pedagang Gorengan Sekitar Kampus IPB Darmaga

Abstract

Penggunaan minyak goreng berulang merupakan masalah umum yang ditemui di masyarakat. Hal ini mengakibatkan mutu minyak goreng menurun dan juga terbentuk senyawa toksik yang berdampak negatif bagi kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari karakteristik kimia minyak goreng jelantah yang berasal dari pedagang gorengan di sekitar Kampus IPB Darmaga. Sampel minyak goreng berupa minyak segar dan jelantah diambil dari 4 (empat) pedagang gorengan di sekitar Kampus IPB Darmaga. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar air, ALB, dan bilangan peroksida minyak goreng segar memenuhi standar SNI 7709:2019. Kadar air minyak goreng jelantah sebesar 0,021–0,053%, sedangkan kadar ALB minyak goreng jelantah sebesar 0,13–0,58%. Kadar air dan kadar ALB minyak goreng jelantah cenderung naik dari minyak goreng segar. Kenaikan signifikan terlihat pada kadar ALB minyak goreng jelantah namun tidak dengan kenaikan kadar airnya. Fraksi DAG pada minyak goreng jelantah sebesar 10,85–11,44 % sedangkan pada minyak goreng segar sebesar 10,12–11,07%. Fraksi DAG minyak goreng jelantah tidak mengalami perubahan signifikan dari minyak goreng segar.

One of the problems which occurred in frying habits is repeated usage of frying oil. This activity causes degradation of frying oil quality and formation of some toxic compounds affecting human health negatively. In this research, the chemical properties of frying oil used by fried snacks vendors around IPB Darmaga campus have been studied. Frying oil samples, both fresh and used, were obtained from 4 (four) fried snacks vendors around IPB Darmaga campus. The chemical properties examined were moisture content, free fatty acids (FFA) content, peroxide value, and percentage of acylglycerol fraction. The moisture content, FFA, and peroxide value of fresh frying oil have complied with the National Standard SNI 7709:2019. This research showed that the moisture content of used oils was 0.021–0.053%, while its FFA content was 0.13–0.58 %. There was some increase in moisture content and FFA on used oils compared to its fresh oils. As observed in used oils, the FFA content had a significant increment compared to moisture content. The used oils contained diacylglycerols 10.85–11.44% while on the fresh oils between 10.12% and 11.07%. The percentage of diacylglycerol fraction on used oils had no significant difference with its fresh oils.