Karakterisasi Gen Hormon Pertumbuhan (Chicken Growth Hormone) pada Ayam Lokal Indonesia

Abstract

Local chickens are genetic resources that have high potential to be developed. Characterization of genetic related to the production can be assesed based on DNA diversity. Chicken growth hormone (cGH) gene is a gene that is closely related to the growth of chickens. The aimed of this study was to identify the characteristics and detect mutations on the gene cGH site. The samples used were kampung, walik, arab and nacked neck chicken. DNA extraction and amplification process were followed by DNA sequencing of cGH gene. There were 19 amplified samples. Amplification of cGH gene resulted fragment with length of 528 bp. The sequences data were analyzed by MEGA 5 software. The sequence cGH showed similarity value of 99% with cGH gene sequence data on GenBank. There was found 10 sites mutation of transition and transversion. However, futher study on G. g. spadiceus, G. g. bankiva, G. g. murghi and G. g. jabouillei should be done to identify the characteristics of cGH gene

Ayam lokal merupakan salah satu sumber daya genetik yang berpotensi untuk dikembangkan. Karakterisasi genetik yang berkaitan dengan sifat produksi dapat diketahui berdasarkan gen, salah satunya adalah gen cGH. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi karakteristik genetik dan mendeteksi situs mutasi pada gen cGH. Sampel yang digunakan adalah ayam kampung, walik, arab dan leher gundul. DNA hasil ekstraksi kemudian dilakukan proses amplifikasi fragmen gen cGH dan sekuensing. Sebanyak 19 sampel berhasil teramplifikasi. Amplifikasi gen cGH menghasilkan produk PCR sepanjang 528 bp. Hasil sekuensing DNA dianalisis menggunakan program MEGA 5. Hasil analisis sekuens fragmen gen cGH menunjukan nilai kesamaan sebesar 99% dengan data sekuens gen cGH pada GenBank. Mutasi pada fragmen gen cGH ditemukan sebanyak 10 situs dengan tipe mutasi transisi dan transversi. Penelitian lanjutan diperlukan untuk mengidentifikasi karakteristik genetik gen cGH pada G. g. spadiceus, G. g. bankiva, G. g. murghi dan G. g. jabouillei.