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      Analisis Risiko Rantai Pasok Kakao di Indonesia dengan Metode Analytic Network Process dan Failure Mode Effect Analysis Terintegrasi

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      Date
      2013
      Author
      Aini, Harumi
      Syamsun, Muhammad
      Setiawan, Alim
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      Abstract
      Cocoa is one of the commodities whose role is quite important to the national economy of Indonesia. Cocoa plantations are ranked fourth to earn the national income after oil palm, rubber, and coconut (Directorate General of Agriculture, 2010). The cocoa industry faces some global challenges and problems including the various risks involved in the cocoa supply chain. The purpose of this study is to identify and analyze a variety of disorders that arise at the highest risk of the cocoa supply chain in the critical unit, as well as the mitigation and design proactive strategies in dealing with risks. An integrated Analytic Network Process (ANP) and Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) is the method used to determine and analyze the highest risk in the cocoa supply chain. Risks identified in the cocoa supply chain are risk quality, production, prices, supply, environment, and transportation. Priority outcomes of members in the cocoa supply chain risk management supply chain are farmers (0.40898), with the risk of having the biggest priority is production risk (0.221). ANP weighting and integration of FMEA shows results considering risk alternatives for each member of the supply chain. The integrated FMEA result shows that the risk of production ranks first with Weighted Risk Priority Number 226.174. Risk control is done by improving the productivity and competitiveness of cocoa by providing information to farmers, provision of credit and access to affordable planting materials for farmers, providing direct access to markets, information transparency, and the provision of mechanisms to guarantee the cacao quality standards.
       
      Kakao merupakan salah satu komoditas perkebunan yang peranannya cukup penting bagi perekonomian nasional Indonesia. Kakao adalah komoditas perkebunan penyumbang devisa Indonesia peringkat keempat setelah kelapa sawit, karet, dan kelapa (Direktorat Jendral Perkebunan, 2010). Industri kakao menghadapi beberapa tantangan global dan permasalahan termasuk berbagai risiko yang terlibat dalam rantai pasok kakao. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis berbagai gangguan risiko tertinggi yang timbul pada rantai pasok kakaodi unit yang mudah mengalami gangguan serta mitigasi dan perancangan strategi proaktif dalam menangani risiko yang timbul. Metode yang digunakan untuk menentukan dan menganalisis risiko tertinggi dalam rantai pasok kakao adalah metode Integrasi Analytic Network Process (ANP) dan Failure Mode Effects Analysis (FMEA). Risiko yang teridentifikasi pada rantai pasok kakao yaitu risiko kualitas, produksi, harga, pasokan, lingkungan, transportasi. Hasil prioritas dari anggota rantai pasok komoditas kakao dalam manajemen risiko rantai pasok adalah petani (0.408), dengan risiko yang memiliki prioritas terbesar adalah risiko produksi (0.221). Pembobotan ANP dan integrasi FMEA menunjukkan hasil yang mempertimbangkan hubungan kepentingan risiko pada tiap anggota rantai pasok. Berdasarkan hasil FMEA terintegrasi, risiko produksi tetap menempati urutan pertama dengan Weighted Risk Priority Number 226.174. Pengendalian risiko dilakukan dengan upaya peningkatan produktivitas dan daya saing komoditas kakao dengan memberikan penyuluhan kepada petani, pemberian kredit dan akses bahan tanam yang terjangkau bagi petani, pemberian akses langsung terhadap pasar, informasi yang transparan, serta penyediaan mekanisme untuk penjaminan standar kualitas kakao yang berlaku.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/64452
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      • UT - Management [3628]

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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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