| dc.description.abstract | Pine merkusii included to multipurpose tree species that developed and expanded continually to produce timber, gums, and as conservation land. Almost all parts of the tree can be utilized. Part of the tree that has high values is the pine gum. Processing of pine resin is widely used in printing ink industry, coating industry, and adhesive industry. Adhesive substance is a material that can be joined with the same or different type of object through bonding process or surface contact, so the body of joint object is resist to separation effort. In the production of pine gum adhesive substance, esterification process carried out to improve the adhesive power. This research aims to study the process of making adhesive substance from pine gum esters, and also to determine the effect of acid number, ester number, glycerol number and catalyst concentration on adhesive strength of the adhesive products. Stages of this research is the characterization of pine gum raw materials; esterification using KOH catalyst with concentration 1.5 and 10% by weight of pine gum, and moles of glycerol 1.1, 1.5, and 2 mol; making of the adhesive substance and determination of the best adhesive substance based on its best adhesive strength. Conducted preliminary research is the characterization of raw materials of pine gum, and then continued with the main research that is esterification of pine gum using alkaline catalyst (KOH), and making of the adhesive substance of the pine gum esterification. The treatment that used is the concentration of KOH catalyst (1%, 5%, and 10%) and the mole of glycerol (1.1 mol, 1.5 mol, and 2 mol). The esterification results of the pine gum tested through acids numbers, esters numbers, and free glycerol levels by comparing between the unwashed pine gum esters and the washed. The esterification results are made into adhesive substance. Then the surface area of adhesive strength and the adhesive strength of adhesive substance tested with shear stress (shear strength) of the adhesive strength and test. Based on preliminary research results, the characteristics of pine gum that was obtained is a liquid, slightly yellow color, soluble in ethanol solvent ratio of 90 percent with 1 ml of pine resin:1 ml of ethanol, acid number 125.66, and viscosity Cp 8693.14. The results of measurements showed that the adhesive substance with the code C22 (with KOH catalyst 5%, 1.5 mol glycerol, washed) gives a better adhesive strength. The characteristics of adhesive substance with the code C22 are: acids numbers 109.21 and esters numbers 21:18. Based on the observations, it can be concluded that the adhesive substance that was processed with 5% catalyst and 1.5 mole of glycerol with the code C22 is the best adhesive substance compared with others based on its adhesive strength. | en |
