| dc.contributor.advisor | Kurniawan, Allen | |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Wardhani, Puteri Kusuma | |
| dc.contributor.author | Azizah, Khusnita | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2026-08-04T08:17:58Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2026-08-04T08:17:58Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2026 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/177005 | |
| dc.description.abstract | The palm oil industry emerged as a primary non-oil and gas exporter in 2023,
providing massive revenue contributions to Indonesia. However, this economic
achievement is accompanied by urgent environmental responsibility, particularly in
managing high volume palm oil mill effluent. This study investigates the
performance of a hybrid Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR) integrated with an
Electrocoagulation (EC) unit and trimethylchlorosilane modified Kapok Fibre
(KF). The overall system performance was evaluated at various hydraulic retention
times (24, 36, and 48 h) for pollutant removal, followed by the estimation of
biokinetic parameters under unsteady state conditions. Experimental results
indicated that the superhydrophobic KF successfully adsorbed 46% - 53% of the
oil, while the EC unit only removed 9% – 18% of sCOD. Overall, the average
system sCOD removal reached 52%, 54%, and 66%, whereas oil and grease
removal achieved 71.7%, 81.38%, and 80.2% respectively. The most optimal
MBBR performance was attained at a 36-h HRT, achieving 92% BOD removal
while maintaining stable biomass quantity. Conversely, a 48-h HRT maximized
TSS removal up to 73.38% but produced a highly alkaline effluent with a pH of
10.56. This alkaline condition induced the accumulation of iron precipitate on the
Kaldness, thickening from a range of 47 to 119 µm up to 68 to 191 µm,
accompanied by a distinct yellowish discoloration. Consequently, BOD and Total
Nitrogen efficiencies experienced a sharp decline to 50% and 43%. The biokinetic
modeling confirmed the validity of the Monod model with pH inhibition, yielding
a maximum specific growth rate (µmax) of 1.77/day, half-saturation constant (Ks) of
20.00 mg sCOD/L, endogenous decay coefficient (Ke) of 0.98/day, and biomass
yield (Y) of 6.07 mg TSS/mg sCOD. | |
| dc.description.abstract | Industri kelapa sawit menjadi eksportir utama sektor nonmigas pada tahun 2023,
yang memberikan kontribusi pendapatan yang masif bagi Indonesia. Namun
demikian, pencapaian ekonomi ini diiringi oleh tanggung jawab lingkungan yang
mendesak, khususnya dalam pengelolaan limbah cair kelapa sawit yang bervolume
tinggi. Penelitian ini mengkaji kinerja sistem hibrida Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor
(MBBR) yang terintegrasi dengan unit Elektrokoagulasi (EC) dan Serat Kapuk
(KF) termodifikasi oleh trimethylchlorosilane. Kinerja keseluruhan sistem dalam
menyisihkan polutan dievaluasi pada berbagai variasi Hydraulic Retention Time
(HRT) 24, 36, dan 48 jam, dan dilanjutkan dengan estimasi parameter biokinetika
pada kondisi tidak tunak. Hasil eksperimen menunjukkan bahwa KF bersifat
superhidrofobik berhasil mengadsorpsi 46% - 53% minyak dan lemak, sementara
unit EC hanya mampu menyisihan sCOD sebesar 9 % - 18%. Secara keseluruhan,
rata-rata efisiensi penyisihan sCOD sistem mencapai 52%, 54%, dan 66%,
sedangkan penyisihan minyak dan lemak mencapai 71,7%; 81,38%; dan 80,2%.
Kinerja MBBR paling optimal dicapai pada HRT 36 jam, menghasilkan efisiensi
penyisihan BOD 92% dan mempertahankan kestabilan kuantitas biomassa. HRT 48
jam memaksimalkan penyisihan TSS, tetapi menghasilkan efluen yang sangat basa
dengan pH 10,56. Selain itu, kondisi basa memicu akumulasi persipitat besi pada
media, yang menyebabkan penebalan biofilm dari 47-119 µm menjadi 68-191 µm
dengan karakteristik warna kekuningan. Akibatnya, efisiensi penyisihan BOD dan
TN mengalami penurunan drastis menjadi 50% dan 43%. Pemodelan biokinetika
mengonfirmasi validitas model Monod dengan parameter inhibisi pH, yang
menghasilkan estimasi laju pertumbuhan spesifik maksimum sebesar (µmax)
1,77/hari, kondisi setengah saturasi (Ks) sebesar 20,00 mgsCOD/L, koefisien
kematian endogen (Ke) sebesar 0,98/hari, dan koefisien yield (Y) sebesar 6,07
mgTSS/mgsCOD. | |
| dc.description.sponsorship | | |
| dc.language.iso | id | |
| dc.publisher | IPB University | id |
| dc.subject.ddc | Environmental Engineering | id |
| dc.subject.ddc | Biofilm | id |
| dc.title | The Hydraulics Retention Time Impact in Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor Coupled with Electrocoagulation for Treating Palm Oil Mill Effluent | id |
| dc.title.alternative | | |
| dc.type | Tesis | |
| dc.subject.keyword | electrocoagulation | id |
| dc.subject.keyword | HRT | id |
| dc.subject.keyword | kapok fiber | id |
| dc.subject.keyword | MBBR | id |
| dc.subject.keyword | POME | id |
| dc.subtype | Theses | |