Perancangan Human-System Interface pada Sistem Ketertelusuran Rantai Pasok Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) Berbasis Blockchain

Abstract

Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) merupakan bahan bakar pesawat berkelanjutan yang dikembangkan untuk mengurangi emisi karbon pada sektor penerbangan. Penggunaan SAF memerlukan sistem informasi yang mampu menjaga ketertelusuran data keberlanjutan di sepanjang rantai pasok agar klaim keberlanjutan dapat dipertahankan sesuai standar sertifikasi. Pemanfaatan blockchain mendukung integritas dan transparansi data, namun kompleksitas mekanismenya memerlukan Human-System Interface (HSI) yang mampu memfasilitasi interaksi pengguna sesuai kebutuhan proses bisnis. Penelitian ini bertujuan merancang, mengimplementasikan, dan mengevaluasi HSI pada sistem informasi ketertelusuran rantai pasok SAF berbasis blockchain. Perancangan dilakukan menggunakan pendekatan desain keteknikan melalui tahap eksplorasi, pendefinisian kebutuhan, ideasi, pengembangan prototipe, dan validasi. Antarmuka dirancang menggunakan Figma dan diimplementasikan sebagai aplikasi berbasis web yang terintegrasi dengan backend melalui Application Programming Interface (API) dan blockchain private Hyperledger Fabric. Implementasi HSI menghasilkan fitur pencatatan data operasional, traceability, mass balance, penerbitan Proof of Sustainability (PoS), dan approval sesuai hak akses pengguna. Pengujian black box testing menunjukkan seluruh fungsi sistem berjalan sesuai kebutuhan, sedangkan User Acceptance Test memperoleh tingkat penerimaan pengguna sebesar 97,73% dengan kategori sangat diterima. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa HSI mampu menjembatani interaksi pengguna dengan teknologi blockchain sehingga proses pencatatan, pengelolaan, dan penelusuran data keberlanjutan SAF dapat dilakukan secara efektif sesuai kebutuhan pengguna dan proses bisnis.

Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) is a sustainable aviation fuel developed to reduce carbon emissions. Its implementation requires an information system that ensures the traceability of sustainability data throughout the supply chain to maintain sustainability claims in accordance with certification standards. Blockchain technology provides data integrity and transparency, its complexity requires a Human-System Interface (HSI) that enables users to interact with the system according to business process requirements. This study aimed to design, implement, and evaluate an HSI for a blockchain-based SAF traceability information system. The interface was developed using an engineering design approach consisting of exploration, requirement definition, ideation, prototype development, and validation. It was designed in Figma and implemented as a web-based application integrated with the backend through an Application Programming Interface (API) and a private Hyperledger Fabric blockchain network. The implemented HSI supports operational data recording, traceability, mass balance, Proof of Sustainability (PoS) issuance, and approval based on user access. Black-box testing confirmed that all system functions operated as expected, while User Acceptance Testi achieved a user acceptance rate of 97.73%, indicating that the system was highly accepted. The results demonstrate that the HSI effectively bridges user interaction with blockchain technology for managing and tracing SAF sustainability data.