Pengaruh Arang Aktif Bambu sebagai Adsorben dan Suhu Adsorpsi terhadap Karakteristik Mutu Kimia Minyak Jelantah

Abstract

Minyak jelantah mengalami penurunan mutu kimia akibat pemanasan berulang sehingga memerlukan metode pemurnian yang efektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh konsentrasi arang aktif bambu, suhu adsorpsi, dan interaksi keduanya terhadap karakteristik mutu kimia minyak jelantah. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) faktorial dengan dua ulangan. Faktor perlakuan terdiri atas konsentrasi arang aktif bambu 2,5%, 5,0%, dan 7,5%, serta suhu adsorpsi 40 °C, 50 °C, dan 60 °C. Parameter yang diamati meliputi kadar air, asam lemak bebas (ALB), bilangan peroksida, serta logam berat Pb dan Hg. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi arang aktif bambu, suhu adsorpsi, dan interaksi keduanya berpengaruh nyata terhadap ALB, sedangkan kadar air, bilangan peroksida, Pb, dan Hg tidak menunjukkan pengaruh nyata pada taraf signifikansi 5%. Nilai ALB terendah diperoleh pada kombinasi 7,5% arang aktif bambu dan suhu 60 °C, yaitu 0,754%. Berdasarkan indeks efektivitas De Garmo, perlakuan terbaik relatif diperoleh pada kombinasi 7,5% arang aktif bambu dan suhu 40 °C dengan nilai produktivitas 0,76.

Used cooking oil undergoes chemical quality deterioration due to repeated heating, requiring an effective purification method. This study aimed to analyze the effects of bamboo activated carbon concentration, adsorption temperature, and their interaction on the chemical quality characteristics of used cooking oil. The study used a factorial completely randomized factorial design with two replications. The treatment factors consisted of bamboo activated carbon concentrations of 2.5%, 5.0%, and 7.5%, and adsorption temperatures of 40 °C, 50 °C, and 60 °C. The observed parameters included moisture content, free fatty acids (FFA), peroxide value, and heavy metals Pb and Hg. The results showed that bamboo activated carbon concentration, adsorption temperature, and their interaction had a significant effect on FFA, while moisture content, peroxide value, Pb, and Hg showed no significant effects at the 5% significance level. The lowest FFA value was obtained from the combination of 7.5% bamboo activated carbon and 60 °C, at 0.754%. Based on the De Garmo effectiveness index, the best relative treatment was 7.5% bamboo activated carbon at 40 °C, with a productivity value of 0.76.