Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Antimikroba Peptida Bioaktif Daging Ayam IPB D1 Hasil Hidrolisis dengan Enzim Tripsin

Abstract

Fraksi sarkoplasmik daging ayam IPB D1 memiliki kandungan asam amino yang berpotensi menghasilkan peptida bioaktif melalui hidrolisis enzim tripsin. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis aktivitas antioksidan dan antimikroba pada fraksi sarkoplasmik tanpa hidrolisis (TP), hidrolisat optimum (HP), dan fraksi ultrafiltrasi = 3kDa (UP). Penentuan kondisi hidrolisis optimum menggunakan RAL faktorial dua arah dengan faktor konsentrasi enzim (0, 50, 100 U mL?¹) dan waktu inkubasi (0, 6, 12 jam), sedangkan perbandingan ketiga fraksi menggunakan RAL searah, masing-masing tiga ulangan. Aktivitas antioksidan diuji dengan metode DPPH dan aktivitas antimikroba menggunakan metode difusi cakram terhadap Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, dan Salmonella typhi. Kondisi hidrolisis optimum dicapai pada konsentrasi 50 U mL?¹ dengan waktu inkubasi 12 jam (DH 22,53%). Fraksi UP menghasilkan aktivitas DPPH tertinggi sebesar 17,28% dengan kapasitas antioksidan 23,72 mg EVC 100 g?¹ serta daya hambat antimikroba terkuat terhadap seluruh bakteri uji.

The sarcoplasmic fraction of IPB D1 chicken meat contains amino acids that have the potential to produce bioactive peptides through trypsin enzymatic hydrolysis. This study aimed to analyze the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the unhydrolyzed sarcoplasmic fraction (TP), optimum hydrolysate (HP), and ultrafiltration fraction of = 3 kDa (UP). A two-way completely randomized design was used to determine optimum hydrolysis conditions with enzyme concentration (0, 50, 100 U mL?¹) and incubation time (0, 6, 12 h) as factors, while a one-way completely randomized design was used to compare the three fractions, each with three replications. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using the DPPH assay and antimicrobial activity was determined using the disk diffusion method against Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella typhi. Optimum hydrolysis was achieved at 50 U mL?¹ with 12 h incubation, yielding a degree of hydrolysis of 22,53%. The UP fraction exhibited the highest DPPH inhibition of 17,28% with an antioxidant capacity of 23,72 mg EVC 100 g?¹ and the strongest antimicrobial inhibition against all tested bacteria.