Pengaruh Jenis Bahan Atap Kandang yang Berbeda terhadap Mikrolimat dan Respons Fisiologis Sapi Perah FH.

Abstract

Sapi perah Friesian Holstein (FH) sangat rentan terhadap cekaman panas di dataran rendah tropis. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi pengaruh jenis bahan atap beton dan galvanis terhadap mikroklimat serta respons fisiologis sapi perah di J’rami Farm, Bogor. Metode penelitian menggunakan empat ekor sapi FH (dua laktasi, dua masa kering) yang diamati periodik pada pagi, siang, dan sore hari mencakup peubah lingkungan serta indikator fisiologis tubuh. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai Temperature Humidity Index (THI) harian mencapai 79,4381,79, memicu cekaman panas pada seluruh ternak. Pada siang hari, atap beton memberikan performa kenyamanan lebih baik bagi sapi masa kering karena efektif meredam paparan radiasi eksternal matahari. Sebaliknya, atap galvanis berkinerja lebih baik untuk sapi laktasi karena langit-langit yang tinggi membantu pelepasan akumulasi panas metabolisme internal. Penerapan zonasi kandang menggunakan kombinasi kedua atap ini menjadi rekomendasi terbaik untuk mengoptimalkan kondisi fisiologis ternak sekaligus efisiensi biaya konstruksi awal.

Friesian Holstein (FH) dairy cows were highly susceptible to heat stress in tropical lowlands. This study aimed to identify the effect of different roofing materials, namely concrete and galvanized iron, on microclimate conditions and physiological responses of dairy cows at J’rami Farm, Bogor. The research method utilized four FH cows (two lactating and two dry cows) observed periodically during the morning, afternoon, and evening, covering environmental variables and physiological indicators. The results showed that the daily Temperature Humidity Index (THI) reached 79,43–81,79, triggering heat stress across all livestock. During the day, concrete roofs provided better comfort performance for dry cows because they effectively reduced external solar radiation. Conversely, galvanized roofs performed better for lactating cows because the high ceiling design helped dissipate internal metabolic heat accumulation. Implementing barn zoning using a combination of both roofs became the best recommendation to optimize livestock physiological conditions while improving initial construction cost efficiency.