Karakteristik Fisikokimia dan Organoleptik Susu Kambing Sapera Sterilisasi Retort Pada Suhu dan Lama Simpan Berbeda

Abstract

Susu kambing Sapera memiliki nilai gizi tinggi, namun rentan mengalami penurunan mutu selama penyimpanan sehingga diperlukan teknologi sterilisasi retort untuk meningkatkan stabilitas produk. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis perubahan karakteristik fisikokimia dan organoleptik susu kambing Sapera yang disterilisasi retort pada suhu dan lama simpan berbeda. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) faktorial dengan dua faktor, yaitu lama simpan (0, 7, 14, 21, dan 28 hari) serta suhu simpan (ruang dan dingin). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai berat jenis, protein, laktosa, dan bahan kering tanpa lemak tetap stabil hingga 28 hari, sedangkan nilai pH menurun signifikan dan kadar lemak berfluktuasi selama penyimpanan. Secara organoleptik, tingkat penerimaan terhadap warna, rasa, dan viskositas menurun seiring bertambahnya lama simpan, terutama pada suhu ruang, sedangkan aroma relatif stabil. Berdasarkan mutu sensori, umur simpan yang direkomendasikan adalah 14 hari pada suhu ruang dan 28 hari pada suhu dingin

Sapera goat milk has high nutritional value but is susceptible to quality deterioration during storage. Therefore, retort sterilization technology was applied to improve product stability. This study aimed to analyze the changes in the physicochemical and organoleptic characteristics of retort-sterilized Sapera goat milk stored under different storage temperatures and durations. A factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with two factors was employed, namely storage duration (0, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days) and storage temperature (room and refrigerated). The results showed that specific gravity, protein, lactose, and solids not fat contents remained stable throughout the 28-day storage period, whereas pH decreased significantly and fat content fluctuated during storage. Organoleptic evaluation indicated that consumer acceptance of color, taste, and viscosity declined as storage time increased, particularly at room temperature, while aroma remained relatively stable. Based on sensory quality, the recommended shelf life of retort-sterilized Sapera goat milk was 14 days at room temperature and 28 days under refrigerated storage