Identifikasi Kenyamanan Tingkah Laku Sapi Friesian Holstein Fase Dara pada Kandang Free Stall

Abstract

Kesejahteraan ternak merupakan aspek penting dalam peningkatan produktivitas ternak sapi perah. Salah satu aspek yang terkait dengan kesejahteraan ternak adalah melalui tingkah laku ternak. Penelitian bertujuan mengidentifikasi tingkah laku sapi dara FH di kandang free stall. Penelitian dilakukan di Unit Rearing Koperasi Susu SAE Pujon menggunakan delapan ekor sapi dara FH umur 13 bulan. Analisis data menggunakan metode deskriptif. Tingkah laku diamati menggunakan rekaman CCTV dari kandang free stall selama tujuh hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkah laku seperti, berdiri memiliki rataan durasi 715,1±0,05 menit hari-1, berbaring memiliki rataan durasi 724,3±0,05 menit hari-1, lokomosi memiliki rataan durasi 78,0±0,02 menit hari-1, makan memiliki rataan durasi 326,5±0,03 menit hari-1, minum memiliki rataan durasi 12,5±0,005 menit hari-1, ruminasi memiliki rataan durasi 443,6±0,04 menit hari-1, grooming memiliki rataan durasi 13,3±0,007 menit hari-1, urinasi memiliki rataan durasi 1,5±0,0003 menit hari-1, defekasi memiliki rataan durasi 2,2±0,0004 menit hari-1, dan sosial memiliki rataan durasi 41,5±0,018 menit hari-1. Tingkah laku sapi dara pada kandang free stall sesuai dengan kebutuhan kenyamanan sapi dara, namun dominasi dan ukuran kandang dapat mempengaruhi perubahan tingkah laku.

Animal welfare is a key factor in improving the productivity of dairy cattle. One aspect related to animal welfare is the animal behavior. The study aimed to identify the behavior of FH heifers in free stall housing. The study was conducted in the the SAE Pujon Dairy Cooperative Rearing Unit using eight 13 months old FH heifers. Their behavior was observed using CCTV recordings from the free stall housing over seven days. Data analysis using descriptive methods. The results of the study show the behaviors, such as standing had an average duration of 715,1±0,05 minutes day-1, lying down had an average duration of 724,3±0,05 minutes day-1, locomotion had an average duration of 78,0±0,02 minutes day-1, eating had an average duration of 326,5±0,03 minutes day-1, drinking had an average duration of 12,5±0,005 minutes day-1, rumination had an average duration of 443,6±0,04 minutes day-1, grooming had an average duration of 13,3±0,007 minutes day-1, urination had an average duration of 1,5±0,0003 minutes day-1, defecation had an average duration of 2,2±0,0004 minutes day-1, and social had an average duration of 41,5±0,018 minutes day-1. The behavior of heifers in free stall barn is in accordance with the comfort needs of heifers, but dominance and size of the barn can influence changes in behavior.