Karakterisasi Struktur Biopolimer Whey Protein Isolate Dengan Ekstrak Serisin (Attacus Atlas) Sebagai Kandidat Wound Dressing

Abstract

Pengembangan material wound dressing berbasis biopolimer memerlukan bahan dengan karakteristik fisik dan mekanik yang baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh substitusi ekstrak serisin dari kokon Attacus atlas terhadap karakteristik film biopolimer berbasis whey protein isolate. Film dibuat dengan variasi konsentrasi serisin 0%; 0,1%; 0,2%; 0,3%; dan 0,4% (b/b). Karakterisasi meliputi Fourier Transform Infrared, ketebalan, swelling, sifat mekanik, dan morfologi permukaan. Hasil FTIR menunjukkan keberadaan gugus fungsi khas serisin, yaitu Amida I pada 1615 cm?¹ dan O–H/N–H pada 3333 cm?¹. Substitusi serisin berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap ketebalan, swelling, dan tensile strength (p<0,001), serta berpengaruh nyata terhadap elongation at break (p<0,05). Peningkatan konsentrasi serisin meningkatkan ketebalan film dari 125 - 144 µm dan meningkatkan kemampuan swelling. Nilai tensile strength tertinggi diperoleh pada konsentrasi serisin 0,3% sebesar 3,325 MPa. Uji Dynamic Mechanical Analysis menunjukkan bahwa film bersifat dominan elastis dibandingkan viskos. Hasil Scanning Electron Microscopy menunjukkan struktur film yang relatif homogen. Secara keseluruhan, substitusi serisin 0,3 - 0,4% menghasilkan performa film WPI terbaik dan berpotensi diaplikasikan sebagai material penutup luka.

The development of biopolymer-based wound dressing materials requires substances with favorable physical and mechanical properties. This study aimed to analyze the effect of sericin extract substitution from the cocoons of Attacus atlas on the characteristics of whey protein isolate based biopolymer films. The films were prepared with sericin concentrations of 0%, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, and 0.4% (w/w). Characterization was conducted using Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy, thickness measurement, swelling analysis, mechanical property testing, and surface morphology observation. FTIR results confirmed the presence of characteristic sericin functional groups, including Amide I at 1615 cm?¹ and O–H/N–H groups at 3333 cm?¹. Sericin substitution had a highly significant effect on film thickness, swelling, and tensile strength (p<0.001), and a significant effect on elongation at break (p<0.05). Increasing sericin concentration increased film thickness from 0.125 - 0.144 µm and enhanced the swelling capacity. The highest tensile strength, 3.325 MPa, was obtained at a sericin concentration of 0.3%. Dynamic Mechanical Analysis indicated that the films exhibited predominantly elastic rather than viscous behavior. Scanning Electron Microscopy revealed relatively homogeneous film structures. Overall, sericin substitutions of 0.3–0.4% produced the best WPI film performance and demonstrated potential for application as wound dressing materials.