Analisis Pengaruh Likuiditas, Rasio Utang, dan Pertumbuhan Penjualan Terhadap Profitabilitas Perusahaan Transportasi dan Logistik yang Tercatat di BEI

Abstract

GRACE NAYA ZEBUA. Analisis Pengaruh Likuiditas, Rasio Utang, dan Pertumbuhan Penjualan terhadap Profitabilitas Perusahaan Transportasi dan Logistik yang Tercatat di BEI. dibimbing oleh EKA DASRA VIANA. Perusahaan transportasi dan logistik merupakan salah satu sektor penting dalam mendukung aktivitas perekonomian di Indonesia. Akan tetapi, sektor transportasi dan logistik mengalami tekanan kinerja keuangan yang tercermin dari menurunnya profitabilitas yang diukur melalui Return on Assets (ROA). Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh likuiditas, rasio utang, dan pertumbuhan penjualan terhadap profitabilitas perusahaan transportasi dan logistik di BEI periode 2020–2024. Variabel yang digunakan meliputi Current Ratio (CR), Cash Ratio (CASH), Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), dan Sales Growth (SG) sebagai variabel independen, serta Return on Assets (ROA) sebagai variabel dependen. Metode analisis menggunakan regresi data panel dengan teknik purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan CASH berpengaruh positif signifikan, SG berpengaruh negatif signifikan, sedangkan CR dan DER tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap ROA. Kata kunci: likuiditas, pertumbuhan penjualan, profitabilitas, rasio utang.

GRACE NAYA ZEBUA. Analysis of the Effect of Liquidity, Debt Ratio, and Sales Growth on the Profitability of Transportation and Logistics Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Supervised by EKA DASRA VIANA. Transportation and logistics companies represent one of the key sectors supporting economic activities in Indonesia. However, in recent years, the sector has experienced financial performance pressures, as reflected in the decline of profitability measured by Return on Assets (ROA). This study aims to analyze the effects of liquidity, debt ratio, and sales growth on the profitability of transportation and logistics companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the 2020–2024 period. The independent variables employed in this study are Current Ratio (CR), Cash Ratio (CASH), Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), and Sales Growth (SG), while Return on Assets (ROA) serves as the dependent variable. The study applies panel data regression analysis using a purposive sampling technique. The results indicate that Cash Ratio (CASH) has a positive and significant effect on ROA, Sales Growth (SG) has a negative and significant effect on ROA, while Current Ratio (CR) and Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) do not have a significant effect on ROA. Keywords: debt ratio, liquidity, profitability, sales growth