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      Dinamika Daya Saing Karet Alam Indonesia di Pasar Amerika Serikat dan Jepang

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      Date
      2026
      Author
      Riyadi, Eca Kartika
      Rachmina, Dwi
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      Abstract
      Karet alam merupakan komoditas unggulan Indonesia dengan permintaan global yang tinggi. Namun, kinerja ekspor karet alam Indonesia menghadapi tantangan berupa ketatnya persaingan, penurunan nilai ekspor, serta permasalahan dari sisi hulu yang ditandai oleh berkurangnya luas areal, produksi dan produktivitas. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dinamika daya saing dan posisi perdagangan karet alam Indonesia pada dua pasar utama, yakni Amerika Serikat dan Jepang. Dengan metode Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), karet alam Indonesia memiliki keunggulan komparatif ekspor yang kuat di kedua pasar. Namun, hasil analisis Dynamic Revealed Comparative Advantage (DRCA) menunjukkan bahwa Indonesia belum memiliki daya saing ekspor sehingga berada pada posisi Leading Retreat di kedua negara. Sementara itu, hasil analisis Indeks Spesialisasi Perdagangan (ISP) menunjukkan bahwa Indonesia berperan sebagai pengekspor bersih pada tahap kematangan, namun ketergantungan lemahnya industri hilir membuat potensinya belum optimal. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan pengembangan strategi hilirisasi, peningkatan kualitas serta penguatan sektor hulu untuk meningkatkan daya saing karet alam Indonesia.
       
      Natural rubber is one of Indonesia's leading commodities with high global demand. However, Indonesia's natural rubber exports face challenges in the form of fierce competition, declining export values, and upstream issues characterized by a reduction in area, production, and productivity. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the dynamics of Indonesia's natural rubber competitiveness and trade position in two major markets, namely the United States and Japan. Using the Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) method, Indonesian natural rubber has a strong comparative export advantage in both markets. However, the results of the Dynamic Revealed Comparative Advantage (DRCA) analysis show that Indonesia does not yet have export competitiveness, placing it in a Leading Retreat position in both countries. Meanwhile, the results of the Trade Specialization Index (TSI) analysis show that Indonesia acts as a net exporter at the maturity stage; however, the weak dependence of the downstream industry means that its potential has not been optimized. Therefore, it is necessary to develop downstream strategies, improve quality, and strengthen the upstream sector to increase the competitiveness of Indonesian natural rubber.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/172198
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      • UT - Agribusiness [4779]

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      Copyright © 2020 Library of IPB University
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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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