Formulasi dan Evaluasi In vivo Suplemen Cair Probiotik-Fitobiotik terhadap Puyuh Petelur

Abstract

Peternakan puyuh (Coturnix coturnix japonica) memiliki potensi strategis dalam mendukung ketersediaan protein hewani, namun produktivitasnya terbatas akibat rendahnya efisiensi pakan dan tingginya emisi amonia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merumuskan suplemen cair berbasis probiotik dan bahan fitobiotik, serta mengevaluasi efektivitasnya terhadap performa produksi dan emisi gas amonia kotoran puyuh. Suplemen diformulasikan menggunakan konsorsium mikroba dari mitra industri, molases, tepung maggot, dan temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza) melalui beberapa iterasi. Produk akhir menunjukkan jumlah total mikroba sebesar log 6,58 CFU/mL dan bakteri asam laktat sebesar log 6,86 CFU/mL, serta memiliki daya hambat terhadap Escherichia coli dan Salmonella sp. Hasil uji produk secara in vivo pada puyuh fase layer menunjukkan bahwa pemberian suplemen dosis 1-2 ml/liter air minum memiliki tingkat palatabilitas yang baik dan berdampak pada peningkatan produksi telur, efisiensi konversi pakan, penurunan emisi amonia, serta penurunan tingkat mortalitas dan morbiditas. Suplemen hasil formulasi ini memiliki potensi sebagai produk aditif alami yang efektif, aplikatif, dan dapat menunjang sistem budidaya puyuh organik yang lebih ramah lingkungan.

Quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) farm holds strategic potential in supporting the availability of animal-based protein; however, its productivity is limited due to low feed conversion efficiency and high ammonia emissions. This study aimed to formulate a liquid supplement based on probiotics and fitobiotik ingredients, and to evaluate its effectiveness on production performance and fecal ammonia emission in laying quails. The supplement was formulated through several iterations using a microbial consortium provided by stakeholder, molasses, maggot flour, and Curcuma xanthorrhiza (temulawak). The final product contained a total microbial count of log 6.58 CFU/mL and lactic acid bacteria of log 6.86 CFU/mL, and showed inhibitory activity against Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. Results showed that supplementation at 1–2 ml per liter of drinking water was well tolerated and improved egg production, feed conversion efficiency, ammonia emission reduction, and lowered mortality and morbidity rates. This formulated supplement has the potential to serve as an effective, practical, and natural feed additive to support more sustainable and environmentally friendly quail farming systems.