Perancangan Proses Produksi Briket Sekam Padi dengan Penambahan Bonggol Jagung di SPP Bojonegoro

Abstract

Sentra Penggilingan Padi (SPP) BULOG Bojonegoro menghasilkan limbah sekam padi sebanyak 8 ton per hari dari proses penggilingan Gabah Kering Giling (GKG). Sebagian limbah telah dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan bakar mesin pengering sebanyak 7 ton/minggu dan dijual ke peternak sekitar 5%. Namun, pemanfaatan yang dilakukan belum optimal, sehingga terjadi penumpukan limbah di rumah sekam karena kapasitas yang terbatas. Oleh karena itu, dilakukan penelitian ini yang bertujuan merancang proses produksi briket sekam padi dan bonggol jagung, sebagai solusi dalam pengelolaan limbah. Empat alternatif produk, yaitu biochar, arang aktif, briket, dan biopelet diuji dalam skala laboratorium. Dari hasil penelitian, diperoleh bahwa briket berbahan dasar sekam padi dan bonggol jagung dengan rasio 1:3 serta perekat tepung tapioka 5% memiliki kualitas yang cukup baik dengan kadar air 2,60%, kadar abu 6,72%, volatile matter 13,62%, fixed carbon 77,06%, nilai kalor 4232,7146 cal/g, dan laju pembakaran 0,5172 g/menit. Rancangan proses produksi disusun dalam skala industri dengan kapasitas 5 ton/hari meliputi proses pre-cleaner, penimbangan, pengarangan, pengayakan, pencampuran, pematangan, pencetakan, pemotongan, pengeringan, dan pengemasan.

Modern Rice Milling Plant (MRMP) BULOG Bojonegoro produces 8 tons of rice husk waste per day from the milling process of dry milled grain. Some of the waste has been used as fuel for drying machines, amounting to 7 tons per week, and sold to livestock farmers at around 5%. However, this utilization has not been optimal, resulting in waste accumulation in the husk house due to limited capacity. Therefore, this study was conducted to design a production process for rice husk and corn cob briquettes, as a solution for waste management. Four alternative products, namely biochar, activated charcoal, briquettes, and biopellets, were tested on a laboratory scale. From the research results, it was found that briquettes made from rice husks and corn cobs with a ratio of 1:3 and 5% tapioca flour adhesive had quite good quality with a water content of 2.60%, ash content of 6.72%, volatile matter 13.62%, fixed carbon 77.06%, calorific value of 4232,7146 cal/g, and a combustion rate of 0.5172 g/minute. The production process design was prepared on an industrial scale with a capacity of 5 tons/day includes pre-cleaner, weighing, pyrolisis, screening, mixing, ripening, extrusion, cutting, drying, and packaging.