Analisis Keragaman SNP g.969G>A Gen Monoamine Oxidase A (MAOA) Pada Sapi Pedaging Menggunakan Teknik PCR-RFLP

Abstract

Salah satu gen yang mengendalikan perilaku agresif pada ternak adalah gen MAOA. SNP g.969G>A yang telah ditemukan pada gen MAOA penting dianalisis lanjut menggunakan teknik PCR-RFLP. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis keragaman genetik SNP g.969G>A pada gen MAOA menggunakan teknik PCR-RFLP. Sebanyak 105 sampel DNA dari bangsa sapi, yaitu sapi bali, sapi PO dan sapi madura digunakan penelitian ini. Keragaman SNP g.969G>A menggunakan enzim restriksi MspI (5’-C*CGG-3’) dilakukan pada ke tiga bangsa sapi tersebut. Data PCR-RFLP dihitung frekuensi alel, frekuensi genotipe, heterozigositas observasi, heterozigositas harapan, dan keseimbangan HardyWeinberg menggunakan Program GenPop32.1. SNP g.969 G>A gen MAOA pada populasi sapi bali dan sapi madura beragam (polimorfik), sedangkan pada populasi sapi PO seragam (monomorfik). Frekuensi alel A tinggi pada sapi bali, sebaliknya pada sapi madura dan PO tinggi alel G. Simpulan, SNP g.969 G>A gen MAOA dapat dijadikan sebagai kandidat penanda genetik pada sapi bali, madura, dan PO.

The monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) gene is one of the key regulators of aggressive behavior in livestock. A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), g.969G>A, identified in the MAOA gene, requires further analysis using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. This study aimed to investigate the genetic variation of the g.969G>A SNP in the MAOA gene across three cattle breeds: bali, ongole grade (PO), and madura. A total of 105 DNA samples were analyzed using the MspI restriction enzyme (5'- C*CGG-3'). Allele frequencies, genotype frequencies, observed and expected heterozygosity, and Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium were calculated using GenPop32.1 software. The g.969G>A SNP was polymorphic in Bali and Madura cattle, but monomorphic in the PO cattle population. The A allele showed a higher frequency in Bali cattle, whereas the G allele was predominant in Madura and PO cattle. Conclusion, the g.969G>A SNP in the MAOA gene may serve as a potential genetic marker in bali, madura, and PO cattle breeds.