Model Bisnis Berkelanjutan dan Kelayakan Usaha Sapi Potong Berbasis Kandang Komunal di Kabupaten Tuban

Abstract

Peternakan sapi potong di Kabupaten Tuban memiliki produktivitas rendah akibat keterbatasan modal, infrastruktur, dan manajemen tradisional pada kandang individu. Penelitian ini mengisi kesenjangan terkait kelayakan model bisnis kandang komunal dengan menganalisis aspek non-finansial (pasar, teknis, sosial-ekonomi, dan lingkungan) serta aspek finansial menggunakan NPV, IRR, Net B/C, dan PP. Penelitian dilakukan pada Oktober 2023–April 2024 di tiga desa ring 1 CSR PLN NP Tanjung Awar-Awar, melibatkan tiga kelompok ternak. Pendekatan Business Model Canvas (BMC) digunakan untuk membandingkan model kandang individu dan komunal. Hasil menunjukkan Skenario II (70% fattening, 30% breeding) memberikan hasil terbaik dengan NPV Rp880.522.855, IRR 48%, Net B/C 3,01, dan Payback Period 3,12 tahun. Kandang komunal terbukti efisien dalam menghemat biaya operasional dan meningkatkan pendapatan melalui sumber daya bersama, menjadikannya solusi strategis untuk pengembangan usaha sapi potong berkelanjutan di Kabupaten Tuban.

Cattle farming in Tuban Regency faces low productivity due to limited capital, inadequate infrastructure, and traditional management practices in individual pens. This study addresses the gap in assessing the feasibility of communal pen business models by analyzing non-financial aspects (market, technical, socio-economic, and environmental) and financial aspects using NPV, IRR, Net B/C, and PP. Conducted from October 2023 to April 2024 in three villages within the ring 1 CSR area of PLN NP Tanjung Awar-Awar, the study involved three farmer groups. The Business Model Canvas (BMC) approach was employed to compare individual and communal pen models. Results showed that Scenario II (70% fattening, 30% breeding) provided the best outcomes, with an NPV of Rp880,522,855, an IRR of 48%, a Net B/C of 3.01, and a Payback Period of 3.12 years. Communal pens proved to be efficient in reducing operational costs and increasing income through shared resources, making them a strategic solution for sustainable cattle farming development in Tuban Regency.