Identifikasi SNP Promotor Gen MC1R pada Sapi Bali Menggunakan Metode Direct Sequencing

Abstract

Sapi Bali memiliki warna rambut kemerahan pada betina dan hitam pada jantan, adapun abnormalitas yang muncul adalah albino. Gen MC1R memengaruhi warna rambut sapi Bali melalui SNP, yaitu perubahan satu basa nukleotida yang terlihat dalam hasil sequencing. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi SNP pada promotor gen MC1R dan menganalisis hubungannya dengan warna rambut normal dan albino pada sapi Bali. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Genetika Molekuler, Fakultas Peternakan IPB. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 24 sampel sapi terdiri dari 11 sampel sapi warna rambut normal dan 13 sampel sapi warna rambut albino berasal dari UPTD Sobangan dan Desa Taro, Kabupaten Gianyar, Provinsi Bali. Identifikasi SNP promotor gen MC1R menggunakan metode direct sequencing dengan panjang sekuen target 559 bp. Hasil sekuen gen MC1R dianalisis menggunakan program MEGA11, BioEdit, dan FinchTV. Hasil identifikasi promotor gen MC1R ditemukan SNP g.105 G>A. Keragaman hanya pada sapi Bali warna rambut normal, sedangkan pada sapi Bali warna rambut albino seragam. Demikian disimpulkan bahwa promotor gen MC1R pada sapi Bali tidak dapat digunakan sebagai marker untuk membedakan sapi normal dan albino berdasarkan warna rambut.

Bali cattle have a reddish hair in females and black in males, with an abnormality being albino. The MC1R gene affects the hair color of Bali cattle through SNP, which are changes in one nucleotide base visible in sequencing result. This study aimed to identify SNP in the MC1R gene promoter and analyse their association with normal and albino hair color in Bali cattle. The research was conducted at the Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB. There were 24 cattle samples consisting of 11 normal hair color cattle samples and 13 albino hair color cattle samples from UPTD Sobangan and Taro Village, Gianyar Regency, Bali Province. Identification of MC1R gene promoter SNP using direct sequencing method with a target sequence length of 559 bp. The MC1R gene sequence results were analysed using MEGA11, BioEdit and FinchTV programs. The result of MC1R gene promoter identificatoin found SNP g.105 G>A. Diversity is only in normal hair color Bali cattle, while in albino hair color Bali cattle are uniform. Thus it is concluded that the MC1R gene promoter in Bali cattle cannot be used as a marker to distinguis normal and albino cattle based on hair color.