Morfometrik Calon Galur Ayam IPB-D3 Generasi Keempat Umur 2 Sampai 12 Minggu

Abstract

Ayam lokal IPB-D3 merupakan ayam PSKB generasi ketiga hasil persilangan antara jantan (pelungx sentul) dan betina (kampungxras pedaging) dengan komposisi genetik masing-masing 25%. Persilangan ayam ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan ayam lokal dengan kualitas bobot badan seperti ayam broiler. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan November 2023 sampai Februari 2024 di Laboratorium Pemuliaan Ternak dan Genetika Fakultas Peternakan Institut Pertanian Bogor. Variabel yang diukur setiap 2 minggu sekali adalah panjang betis, lingkar betis, panjang badan tibia, panjang tulang paha, panjang dada, lebar dada, dada, lingkar dada, panjang punggung, panjang sayap, dan panjang leher. Pengukuran berat badan dilakukan setiap minggu. Data dianalisis deskriptif dan uji t. Hasil penelitian menunjukan ukuran tubuh ayam IPB-D3 G4 relatif lebih besar dibandingkan dengan ukuran tubuh ayam IPB-D3 G2. Pada umur 12 minggu hasil penelitian menunjukan hanya ukuran panjang dada dan lingkar shank yang memiliki ukuran lebih kecil dibandingkan penelitian sebelumnya. Berdasarkan 10 peubah yang diukur selama 12 minggu, morfometrik ayam IPB-D3 generasi ke-4 memiliki koefisien keragaman rendah. Ukuran tubuh lebar dada memiliki keragaman terendah dan keragaman lingkar shank tinggi. Ukuran tubuh ayam IPB-D3 antar generasi masih beragam.

The local IPB-D3 chicken is a third generation PSKB chicken resulting from a cross between a male (pelungx sentul) and a female (kampungxras broiler) with a genetic composition of 25% each. This chicken crossing aims to produce local chickens with body weight qualities like broiler chickens. The research was carried out from November 2023 to February 2024 at the Animal Breeding and Genetics Laboratory, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Bogor Agricultural Institute. Variables measured every 2 weeks were calf length, calf circumference, tibial body length, femur length, chest length, chest width, chest circumference, back length, wing length and neck length. Body weight measurements were carried out every week. Data were analyzed descriptively anad by t test. The research results showed that the body size of IPB-D3 G4 chickens was relatively larger than the body size of IPB-D3 G2 chickens. At 12 weeks of age, the results of the study showed that only the chest length and shank circumference were smaller than in previous studies. Of the 10 variables measured over 12 weeks, the morphometrics of the 4th generation IPB-D3 chickens had a low coefficient of variation. Body size, chest width, has the lowest diversity and the highest diversity in shank circumference. The body size of IPB-D3 chickens between generations still varies.