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      Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Proses Ekstraksi dan Isolasi Protein Kacang Koro Pedang (Canavalia ensiformis) Skala Laboratorium

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      Date
      2023
      Author
      Hakeki, Alliqa Zafira
      Purwanti, Nanik
      Sucahyo, Lilis
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      Abstract
      Kacang koro pedang (KKP) merupakan salah satu produk pertanian yang memiliki kandungan protein yang cukup tinggi dimana proteinnya berpotensi menjadi bahan baku plant-based meat. Untuk mendapatkan protein dari KKP, perlu adanya serangkaian proses ekstraksi dan isolasi yang melibatkan penggunaan energi, air, dan bahan kimia yang intensif. Oleh karena itu, perhitungan dampak lingkungan yang berpotensi timbul akibat proses ekstraksi dan isolasi protein KKP perlu dilakukan menggunakan metode life cycle assessment (LCA). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menghitung dampak lingkungan potensial dari proses ekstraksi dan isolasi protein KKP dan mengidentifikasi faktor signifikan yang berdampak paling besar di dalam proses ekstraksi dan isolasi protein KKP pada skala laboratorium. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan mengacu pada kerangka kerja LCA yaitu goal and scope definition, life cycle inventory (LCI), life cycle impact assessment (LCIA), dan interpretasi. Kuantifikasi dampak ditentukan dengan mengacu pada ReCiPe 2016 Midpoint (H). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dampak lingkungan yang secara signifikan ditimbulkan akibat serangkaian proses produksi 1 gram protein KKP adalah human non-carcinogenic toxicity (HTPnc) sebesar 3,222 kg 1,4-DCB, global warming (GWP) sebesar 1,846 kg CO2 eq, terrestrial ecotoxicity (TETP) sebesar 1,109 kg 1,4-DCB, dan fossil resource scarcity (FFP) sebesar 0,539 kg oil eq. Faktor yang berdampak paling besar terhadap lingkungan adalah proses pengeringan menggunakan freeze dryer karena konsumsi energi listrik pada alat yang cukup besar. Rekomendasi perbaikan yang bisa dilakukan untuk mengurangi emisi yang signifikan yaitu dengan mengganti sumber produksi listrik dari PLTU batu bara menjadi PLTA. Penggunaan listrik dari PLTA dapat menurunkan dampak lingkungan kategori HTPnc 98,15%, GWP 95,91%, TETP 74,22%, FFP 80,81%.
       
      Jack bean (JB) is an agricultural product with high protein content that is potential for plant-base meat’s ingredient. However, a series of extraction and isolation processes that involve intensive use of energy, water, and chemicals are required to obtained JB protein. Therefore, potential environmental impacts arising from extraction and isolation process of JB protein needs to be carried out to assure sustainable food processing. The purpose of this study is to calculate the potential environmental impacts of the extraction and isolation process of JB proteins and identify the significant factors that have the greatest impact in the extraction and isolation process of JB proteins on laboratory scale. Life cycle assessment (LCA) framework was used in this study, namely goal and scope definition, life cycle inventory (LCI), life cycle impact assessment (LCIA), and interpretation. Impact quantification was determined by referring to the ReCiPe 2016 Midpoint (H). The results showed that the production of one gram of JB protein significantly impacted on four categories, i.e., human non-carcinogenic toxicity (HTPnc) of 3.222 kg 1,4- DCB, global warming (GWP) of 1.846 kg CO2 eq., terrestrial ecotoxicity (TETP) of 1.109 kg 1,4-DCB, and fossil resource scarcity (FFP) of 0.539 kg oil eq. The step in the extraction and isolation process that has the greatest impact on the environment is drying process using a freeze dryer, due to the large consumption of electrical energy. Recommendations for improvements that can be made to reduce significant emissions are to replace the source of electricity production from coal to hydropower. The use of electricity from hydropower can reduce the environmental impact on HTPnc 98.15%, GWP 95.91%, TETP 74.22%, FFP 80.81%.
       
      URI
      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/125672
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      • UT - Agricultural and Biosystem Engineering [3593]

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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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