Pengaruh penggunaan bahan pengokdidasi terhadap mutu kulit samoa pada penyamakan kulit menggunakan minyak biji karet
Abstract
Leather tanning using oil as the tanning agent has disadvantages, such as the time of oxidation which
is takes a long time in about 9 days. Using sodium percarbonate as oxidizing agent in the tanning
process, known to shorten the time into two days, eventhough, the high cost of sodium percarbonate
was being obstacle in its use. Other oxidizing agents such as hydrogen peroxide and sodium
hypochlorite may have the same function with sodium percarbonate, i.e. acceleration of the oxidation
process. The objectives of this research were to investigate the influence of the oxidizing agents and
their concentrations on the quality of chamois leather and to determine the best combination of type
and concentration of oxidizing agents in the production process of chamois leather. The main
research consisted of leather tanning using rubber seed oil, oxidation in drum with three types and
concentrations of the oxidizing agents, measurements of physical, chemical and organoleptic
properties of chamois leather. The results showed that the three types of the oxidizing agent could be
used to accelerate the oxidation process in the manufacture of chamois leather. The type of oxidizing
agent gave significant effect on shrinkage temperature, ash content, colour and odour of leather,
while the oxidizing agent concentration significantly affected the colour and odour of chamois leather.
The treatment of experiment selected based on the quality of leather was sodium hypochlorite with
the concentration of 2%. Tanning by using this treatment produced chamois leather with the
properties as follows: shrinkage temperature of 75.2oC, tensile strength of 30.5 N/mm2, elongation at
break of 134.3%, tear strength of 86.2 N/mm, water absorption of 265% (2 hours) and 286% (24
hours), pH 6.56, oil content of 8.71%, ash content of 1.12%, softness of 8-9, colour of 7-8 and odour