Morfometrik Tubuh Calon Galur Ayam IPB-D2 Generasi Keempat Umur 2 Sampai 12 Minggu

Abstract

Ayam lokal Indonesia memiliki genetik yang tidak seragam, salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan produktivitasnya adalah dengan persilangan. Ayam lokal hasil persilangan dengan rumpun ayam pedaging yang dikembangkan oleh Institut Pertanian Bogor adalah ayam IPB-D1. Ayam IPB D-1 diseleksi berdasarkan immunocompletence membentuk calon galur ayam IPB-D2 (female line). Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji ukuran tubuh ayam calon galur ayam IPB-D2 generasi keempat umur 2 sampai 12 minggu. Jumlah ayam yang digunakan di Bogor sebanyak 75 ekor dan di Boyolali sebanyak 32 ekor pada umur 12 minggu. Peubah yang diukur yaitu panjang shank, lingkar shank, panjang tibia, panjang femur, panjang dada, lebar dada, dalam dada, lingkar dada, panjang punggung, panjang sayap, dan panjang leher. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif dan uji-t. Koefisien keragaman ayam IPB-D2 G4 berkisar antara 5,09% sampai 18,68%. Hasil menunjukkan ukuran tubuh jantan dan betina ayam IPB-D2 G4 cenderung tidak memiliki perbedaan yang nyata namun berbeda nyata dengan ayam IPB-D2 G4 di Boyolali baik pada jantan maupun betina. Ukuran tubuh ayam IPB-D2 G4 jantan dan betina sama. Kata kunci: ayam IPB-D2, morfometrik, persilangan, seleksi

Indonesian local chickens have non-uniform genetics, one way to increase their productivity is by crossing. The local chicken resulting from crossbreeding with the broiler developed by the Institut Pertanian Bogor is the IPB-D1 chicken. IPB D-1 chickens were selected based on their immunocompleteness to form IPB- D2 chicken line candidates (female line). The aim of this study was to examine the body size of the fourth generation of IPB-D2 at ages 2 to 12 weeks. The numbers of chickens used in Bogor were 75 birds and 32 birds in Boyolali at the age of 12 weeks. The variables measured were shank length, shank circumference, tibia length, femur length, chest length, chest width, chest, chest circumference, back length, wing length, and neck length. Data were analyzed by descriptive analysis and T test. The coefficient of diversity of IPB-D2 G4 chickens ranged from 5.09% to 18.68%. The results showed that the body sizes of the male and female IPB-D2 G4 chickens tended to have no significant difference, but were significantly different from the IPB-D2 G4 chickens at Boyolali both male or female. Morfometric of male dan female IPB-D2 G4 chicken were same. Keywords: crossing, IPB-D2 chicken, morphometrics, selection