Pengaruh Praktik Pengasuhan dan Karakter terhadap Kesejahteraan Subjektif Remaja

Abstract

Kesejahteraan subjektif dinilai sebagai salah satu ukuran saintifik untuk menggambarkan kebahagiaan dan kualitas hidup seseorang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh praktik pengasuhan dan karakter terhadap kesejahteraan subjektif remaja. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksplanatori dan dilakukan di Kota Bekasi yang dipilih secara purposive. Responden berjumlah 213 remaja yang merupakan siswa kelas XI SMA/SMK. Data primer diperoleh melalui teknik self-administered menggunakan kuesioner terstruktur. Data yang digunakan meliputi karakteristik remaja (usia dan jenis kelamin), karakteristik keluarga (usia orang tua, pendidikan orang tua, pekerjaan orang tua, dan besar keluarga), praktik pengasuhan, karakter, dan kesejahteraan subjektif remaja. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan indeks praktik pengasuhan dan kesejahteraan subjektif terkategori rendah, sementara indeks karakter terkategori sedang. Hasil uji hubungan menemukan bahwa remaja perempuan cenderung menerima praktik pengasuhan yang lebih baik. Selain itu ditemukan pula hubungan signifikan antara praktik pengasuhan, karakter, dan kesejahteraan subjektif. Hasil uji regresi menemukan bahwa praktik pengasuhan orang tua dan karakter remaja secara signifikan memberikan pengaruh paling nyata terhadap kesejahteraan subjektif remaja.

Subjective well-being is considered as one of scientific measures to represent one’s happiness and quality of life. This research aims to analyze the influences of parenting practices and characters toward subjective well-being in adolescents. This research used the explanatory method and was conducted in Bekasi, which was chosen based on purposive approach. The respondents were 213 adolescents who were in 11th grade of senior/vocational high school. The primary data was self-administered collected through questionnaires. The collected data included adolescent’s characteristics (age and sex), family characteristics (parents’ age, parents’ education, parents’ work status, and family size), parenting practices, characters, and subjective well-being. The results show the parenting practices index and subjective well-being index were in the low category, while the character index was in the moderate category. The correlation test found that female adolescents tend to receive better parenting practices. Furthermore, significant correlations were also found among parenting practices, characters, and subjective well-being. This regression test found that parenting practices from the parents and adolescents’ characters have the most significant influences toward subjective well being in adolescents.