Evaluasi Teknologi Proses Produksi Crude Palm Oil (CPO) dan Red Palm Oil (RPO) Skala Miniplant

Abstract

Evaluasi Teknologi Proses Produksi Crude Palm Oil (CPO) dan Red Palm Oil (RPO) Skala Miniplant. Dibimbing oleh Farah Fahma. Pengolahan tandan buah segar (TBS) kelapa sawit menjadi minyak sawit dan produk turunannya biasanya dilakukan pada pabrik kelapa sawit (PKS). PKS umumnya dibangun jauh dari perkebunan sehingga banyak TBS yang rusak akibat proses pengangkutan.Tujuan penelitian adalah mengevaluasi teknologi proses produksi minyak sawit untuk produksi skala miniplant. Metode penelitian menggunakan kombinasi bentuk kualitatif sebagai data primer yang diperoleh dari hasil observasi dan wawancara dan bentuk kuantitatif sebagai data sekunder yang diperoleh melalui studi literatur. Hasil yang diperoleh berupa pemberian solusi pendirian miniplant sawit dengan kapasitas 1 ton/jam yang beroperasi selama 10 jam/hari dengan memproduksi Crude palm oil (CPO), Red Palm Oil (RPO) dan Palm Kernel (PK). Proses pengolahan CPO dilakukan dengan sterilisasi menggunakan sterilizer vertikal, threshing dengan metode bantingan, digesting dengan penggerusan, ekstraksi menggunakan screw press, klarifikasi menggunakan vibrating screen, vertical clarifier tank (VCT), dan vacuum dryer serta penyimpanan menggunakan sistem pemanasan dan pengadukan. Pengolahan RPO menggunakan proses degumming dengan acid degumming, netralisasi dengan deasidifikasi, dan deodorisasi menggunakan stripping agent. Neraca massa pengolahan kelapa sawit skala miniplant menghasilkan CPO sebanyak 2191 Kg, RPO sebanyak 418,36 Kg, dan PK sebanyak 486,62 Kg. Kata kunci : miniplant sawit, palm oil, teknologi proses

Evaluation of Crude Palm Oil (CPO) and Red Palm Oil (RPO) Production Process Technology On Miniplant Scale. Supervised by Farah Fahma. Processing of fresh fruit bunches (FFB) of oil palm into palm oil and its derivative products is usually carried out at palm oil mills (PKS). PKS are generally built far from the plantations so that a lot of FFB is damaged due to the transportation process. The aim of this research is to evaluate the technology of palm oil production process for miniplant scale production. The research method used a combination of qualitative forms as primary data obtained from observations and interviews and quantitative forms as secondary data obtained through literature studies. The results obtained were in the form of providing a solution for establishing a palm oil miniplant with a capacity of 1 ton/hour which operates for 10 hours/day that produces Crude Palm Oil (CPO), Red Palm Oil (RPO) and Palm Kernel (PK). The CPO processing process was carried out by sterilization using a sterilizer vertical, threshing with the slamming method, digesting by grinding, extraction using a screw press, clarification using a vibrating screen, vertical clarifier tank (VCT), and vacuum dryer and storage using a heating and stirring system. RPO processing used degumming with acid degumming, neutralization by deacidification, and deodorization using stripping agent. The mass balance of miniplant-scale palm oil processing resulted in 2191 Kg of CPO, 418.36 Kg of RPO, and 486.62 Kg of PK. Keywords: palm miniplant, palm oil, process technology