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      Rancang bangun karburator biogas untuk motor bensin

      Design of biogas carburetor for gasoline engine

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      Date
      2013
      Author
      Pranayuda, Ade Prisma
      Desrial
      Wahyuni, Sri
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      Abstract
      Biogas is one of promising source of alternative energy nowadays. This gas contains methane at about 60% which is potential to be used as fuel. Biogas is also possible to replace gasoline as fuel on internal combustion engine. A new design of carburetor is needed to mixes air and biogas instead of air and gasoline. This carburetor consists of some main components, including venturi, venturi housing, choke, throttle, and flange. The design of carburetor may not disturb any other component of the engine and it should works with existing throttle and governor mechanism of the engine. This carburetor has many biogas ports inside its venturi. The number of ports during the test were varied, starts from 2, 4, 6, and 8 ports. The result of the test shows that carburetor with 2 ports has the best result and the performance of the engine decreases along with the addition of ports. However, application of biogas as fuel generally reduces the performance of the engine compared to normal gasoline–fueled engine. This reduction is caused by the low calorific value of biogas compared to gasoline. To makes the carburetor works better, some modifications have to be made and some materials have to be replaced with better one.
       
      Biogas adalah salah satu sumber energi alternatif yang cukup menjanjikan saat ini. Gas ini mengandung metana sekitar 60% yang cukup potensial untuk dijadikan bahan bakar. Biogas juga mampu menggantikan bensin sebagai bahan bakar pada motor bakar internal. Desain karburator baru dibutuhkan untuk mencampur biogas dan udara pada rasio yang tepat. Karburator ini terdiri atas beberapa komponen utama, meliputi venturi, selongsong venturi, choke, throttle, dan dudukan. Desain karburator ini tidak boleh mengganggu komponen lain pada motor dan harus mampu bekerja dengan mekanisme throttle dan governor yang telah ada pada motor. Karburator ini memiliki banyak port biogas di dalamnya. Jumlah port selama pengujian divariasikan, mulai dari 2, 4, 6, hingga 8 buah port. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan karburator dengan 2 port memiliki kinerja terbaik dan kinerja terus menurun seiring penambahan jumlah port. Walaupun demikian, penggunaan biogas sebagai bahan bakar pengganti bensin secara umum membuat kinerja motor turun. Hal ini disebabkan oleh nilai kalor biogas yang lebih rendah dibanding bensin. Agar karburator mampu bekerja lebih baik, beberapa modifikasi harus dilakukan dan beberapa bahan harus diganti dengan yang lebih sesuai.
       
      URI
      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/63515
      Collections
      • UT - Agricultural and Biosystem Engineering [3593]

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