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      Protozoal Population and Rumen Fermentation Characteristics of Diet with Muntingia calabura Leaves Addition In Vitro

      Populasi Protozoa dan Karakteristik Fermentasi Rumen dengan Pemberian Daun Kersen (Muntingia calabura) secara In Vitro

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      Date
      2012
      Author
      Puspitaning, Ide Risentito
      Suharti, Sri
      Jayanegara, Anuraga
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      Abstract
      The exotic tree Muntingia calabura L. (MCL), is a fast-growing tree that contains secondary metabolite compounds such as saponins and tannins. Saponins and tannins has potency to improve rumen fermentation. An in vitro study was conducted to determine the effect of MCL supplementation on protozoal population and fermentation characteristics. Randomized complete block design was applied to this research by using 5 treatments with 4 replications for each treatment. The treatments were: R0: 30% concentrate (C) + 70% forage (F); R1: 30% C + 65% F + 5% MCL; R2: 30% C + 60% F + 10% MCL; R3: 30% C + 55% F + 15% MCL; R4: 30% C + 50% F + 20% MCL. Variables observed were pH, protozoal population, N-NH3 and total volatile fatty acid (VFA) production, dry matter and organic matter digestibility. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results showed that the addition of MCL up to 20% in the ration did not affect (P>0.05) pH and protozoal population. Amonia-N concentration decreased (P<0.01) and total VFA increased (P<0.01) when MCL was included. In vitro dry matter and organic matter digestibility decreased (P<0.05) with MCL addition. In conclusion, addition of MCL powder up to 20% from total diet could decrease in vitro dry matter and organic matter digestibility, amonia-N concentration, and increase total VFA production, but did not effective to decrease protozoal population in 4 h incubation in vitro.
       
      Daun kersen (Muntingia calabura) memiliki kandungan saponin yang cukup tinggi sehingga dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai agen defaunasi protozoa yang dapat meningkatkan efisiensi fermentasi rumen. Penyebarannya yang luas yang mudah ditemukan pada berbagai kondisi lahan termasuk lahan marginal, menjadikan tumbuhan ini sangat potensial untuk dimanfaatkan sebagai pakan ternak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kandungan fitokimia daun kersen yang meliputi senyawa tanin dan saponin serta mengevaluasi dosis daun kersen yang tepat dan sesuai untuk mengoptimalkan fermentasi rumen. Rancangan yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 5 taraf perlakuan dan 4 kelompok sebagai ulangan. Perlakuan berupa ransum komplit terdiri dari R0 = 30% konsentrat + 70% rumput lapang; R1 = 30% konsentrat + 65% rumput lapang + 5% daun kersen; R2 = 30% konsentrat + 60% rumput lapang + 10% daun kersen; R3 = 30% konsentrat + 55% rumput lapang + 15% daun kersen; R4 = 30% konsentrat + 50% rumput lapang + 20% daun kersen. Peubah yang diamati adalah nilai pH rumen, populasi protozoa, konsentrasi amonia (NH3), produksi Volatile Fatty Acid (VFA) , Kecernaan Bahan Kering (KCBK), dan Kecernaan Bahan Organik (KCBO). Data hasil penelitian dianalisis sidik ragam (ANOVA) jika hasilnya berbeda nyata akan diuji lanjut dengan Uji Jarak Duncan. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan software statistik SPSS versi 16.
       
      URI
      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/61338
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