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      Evaluation In vitro of Coffee Husk Fermented with Oyster Mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus) for Ruminant Feed

      Evaluasi In vitro Kulit Buah Kopi yang Difermentasi dengan Jamur Tiram (Pleurotus ostreatus) untuk Pakan Ruminansia

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      Date
      2012
      Author
      Marpaung, Hanna Friska Rouly
      Evvyernie, Dwierra
      Toharmat, Toto
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      Abstract
      An in vitro experiment was conducted to evaluate the nutritive value of coffee husk fermented by oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus) for ruminant. A randomized block design was used to alocate the three of rumen fluid as blocks and five experimental rations formulated acording to a diet for a dairy cow yealding 10 kg of milk. Experimental rations composed of forage and concentrate as follows: R0 = control (60% Pennisetum purpureum + 40% concentrate), R1 = 50% Pennisetum purpureum + 10% fermented coffee husk + 40% concentrate, R2 = 40% Pennisetum purpureum + 20 fermented coffee husk + 40% concentrate, R3 = 30% Pennisetum purpureum + 30% fermented coffee husk + 40% concentrate, and R4 = 20% Pennisetum purpureum + 40% fermented coffee husk + 40% concentrate. Variables observed were coefficient digestibility of dry (CDDM) and organic matter (CDOM), concentration of VFA and NH3. The result showed that dietary inclution of fermented coffee husk significantly decreased the coeffcient digestibiilty of dry and organic matter (P<0.01) and VFA (P<0.05), but did not affect NH3 concentration. The value of CDDM and CDMO, VFA and NH3 was 56.22%, 55.56%, 121.25 mM and 12.14 mM, respectively. The results indicated that the coffee husk could be included up to 20% in the diet to replace Pennisetum purpureum. The conclusion from this experiment was that the fermented coffee husk could be used to replace dietary forage component as much as 20%.
       
      Kulit buah kopi merupakan hasil ikutan dari pengolahan buah kopi. Limbah ini terdapat 48,10% dalam satu ton buah kopi yang dipanen. Kandungan serat kasar pada kulit buah kopi tergolong tinggi, namun karena memiliki kandungan lignin dan tanin yang tinggi (65,42% dan 2,47%) serta komposisi nutrisi yang rendah, pemanfaatannya belum optimal untuk ruminansia, kecuali setelah melalui proses pengolahan seperti fermentasi dengan kapang atau jamur. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan proses fermentasi yang menggunakan jamur tiram (Pleurotus ostreatus) terhadap kulit buah kopi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mempelajari sejauhmana kulit buah kopi hasil fermentasi (KKf) dapat berperan sebagai pengganti rumput gajah didalam ransum sapi perah yang memiliki rasio hijauan dan konsentrat 60% berbanding 40% melalui pengamatan in vitro. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 5 jenis perlakuan ransum dan 3 ulangan yang berupa periode pengambilan cairan rumen. R0 = ransum kontrol (60% RG + 40% konsentrat), R1 = 50% RG + 10% KKf + 40% konsentrat, R2 = 40% RG + 20% KKf+ 40% konsentrat, R3 = 30% RG + 30% KKf + 40% konsentrat, R4= 20% RG + 40% KKf + 40% konsentrat. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) dan jika berbeda nyata dilanjutkan dengan uji jarak Duncan. Parameter yang diamati adalah fermentabilitas di dalam rumen (VFA dan NH3) dan koefisien cerna bahan kering (KCBK) dan bahan organik (KCBO).
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/61318
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