The Inoculation of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria on Vegetative Propagation of Stylosanthes guianensis by Shoot Cuttings

Abstract

Poor seed yield, often due to late flowering, has affected of the use some cultivars Stylosanthes. In particular, Sylosanthes guianensis cultivars have been poor seed producers. The aim of this experiments was to expand Stylosanthes guianensis vegetative planting technique with shoot cuttings to get rigid and great quality of stylo seed. This experiment used a completely randomized design, with the factorial model 2 x 4 and 4 replication respectively. The first factor was soil (sterilization and not sterilization soil). The second factor was microorganism potential soil (control, PSB (Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria), Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) and combination of PSB and AMF). The parameters that observed were: percentage of plant dead, high of plant, amount of trifoliate leaf, dry matter of plant, dry matter root, and percentage of root infection. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and differences between treatments were determined with Duncan test. The results showed that microorganism potential soil had different significantly effect (P<0.05) on percentage of plant dead, and different very significantly effect (P<0.01) on high of plant, amount of trifoliate leaf, dry matter of plant, dry matter of root, and percentage of root infection. Sterilization soil also had different high significantly effect (P<0.01) in all parameters except percentage of plant dead and root infection. The growth of plant on soil which not sterilization is better than sterilization soil.

Stylosanthes guianensis adalah salah satu hijauan makanan ternak yang potensial untuk dikembangkan, namun selama ini pengembangannya mengalami beberapa kendala. Benih yang didapat di Indonesia sebagian besar berasal dari impor dan harganya mahal. Oleh karena itu dilakukan pengembangan pembibitan dengan cara vegetatif yaitu stek pucuk. Pertumbuhan stek pucuk ini membutuhkan perlakuan khusus agar tingkat keberhasilannya tinggi, oleh karena itu diberikan penambahan bakteri pelarut fosfat dan Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskula (FMA), selain itu media tanam sangat mempengaruhi pertumbuhan stek pucuk sehingga dilakukan sterilisasi pada media tanam untuk mencegah adanya mikroorganisme patogen yang dapat menyerang perakaran stek pucuk.